Recent advances in synthesis of ultra-high temperature ceramic matrix composites

A ceramic material designed for ultra-high temperatures (UHTCs) generally comprised of nitrides, carbides, and borides derived from transition metal elements, with a particular focuson compounds belonging to TaC and Group IVB (Hf and Zr). Hypersonic vehicle nozzles andengine components can take advantage of the unique characteristics of these materials. A broadrange of coatings and composites based on UHTC is currently being developed to conquer theinherent fragility, weak thermal shock resistance, and brittleness of bulk ceramics. Ultra-hightemperature materials with high entropy have gained considerable attention in recent years. Areview of the current state of the art of UHTC composites and coatings will be provided in thisreport. Properties and processing approaches to achieve the microstructure will be discussedfurther.