Blood component therapy, demographic and outcome feature of pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia

Introduction: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common childhood malignancy, with an annual incidence rate of three to four cases per 100000 children. Most children with ALL frequently receive blood products including packed cells, platelets, fresh frozen plasma (FFP) and whole blood in the course of chemotherapy and these transfusions may affect ALL outcomes. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate blood component therapy together with demographic and outcome features of pediatric ALL patients. Patients and Methods: Demographic information of 208 patients with pediatric ALL from February 2011 to August 2019 enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Data is gathered and rechecked from archive files and e-files of Motahari hospital. Results: The mean age of patients at diagnosis was 5.48±3.38 years and Pre-B ALL was the most common phenotype (94.3%). 130 Out of 208 patients were treated with the new protocol and 78 patients were treated with the BFM98 protocol. The majority of relapses were in the bone marrow. The average of received packed cell, platelet and FFP were 4.32±2.93, 5.97±7.09 and 5.29±6.6 units, respectively. The mean overall survival of patients was 3.42±2.58 years in 10 years. Conclusion: According to this study, most of the patients were 5 to 15 years old. Dominant subtype of disease was B-cell type. Most of the deaths were one to 6 years after diagnosis. The relapse rate was about 31% and most of them were in the bone marrow.