What impacts Jewish orthodox womens’ mikvah experience?

ABSTRACT Jewish law requires married females to immerse in a ritual bath conducted under the observation of a female mikvah attendant, in order to resume marital sexual relations post menstruation. Previous research suggests that while some women describe their mikvah experience as pleasant and spiritual, others find it difficult and unpleasant. A preliminary survey was constructed to test variables that may influence female mikvah experience. A total of 368 women responded. Mikvah attendant respect, mikvah attendant intrusiveness, history of abuse and self-rated, knowledge of mikvah laws were all significantly correlated with mikvah experience. Participants’ qualitative responses were analyzed and themes regarding female empowerment and choice in the mikvah process emerged suggesting the need to reflect the mikvah users.