市场价格反映了真正的稀缺性吗?理论与事实

A. Figueroa
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引用次数: 3

摘要

市场相对价格是否反映了资源的真正稀缺性?如果是这样的话,市场价格将向社会提供有关实际稀缺性的正确信号。经济学——稀缺的科学——对这个问题有不同的答案。本文遵循当前认识论的原则,回顾了三种市场理论:新古典主义、生物经济学和统一理论,分析了它们的假设,它们对市场价格与稀缺性之间关系的推导经验预测,以及它们在面对已知基本事实时的有效性。澄清关于市场机制在资本主义运作中的性质和作用的误解是本文的预期贡献。
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Do Market Prices Reflect Real Scarcity? Theories and Facts
Do market relative prices reflect real scarcity of resources? If this were so, market prices would provide society with the correct signals about real scarcities. Economics—the science of scarcity— has different answers to this question. Following the principles of current epistemology, the paper reviews three theories of markets: neoclassical, bio-economics, and unified theory, analyzing their assumptions, their derived empirical predictions about the relation between market prices and scarcity, and their validity when confronted against known basic facts. Clarifying misconceptions about the nature and the role of the market mechanism in the functioning of capitalism is the expected contribution of the paper.
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