IA22:利用风险评估工具激励行为改变

Erika A. Waters
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引用次数: 0

摘要

流行病学确定癌症和其他疾病的风险因素,其依据是向医疗保健提供者、公众和政策制定者传达这些信息,将导致整个人口的健康行为得到改善,从而改善整个人口的健康结果。这些行动假定受众理解并使用这些信息来作出与健康有关的决定。然而,沉浸在概率思维中的流行病学语言并不一定是普通大众的语言。此外,越来越多的证据表明,决策者对流行病学的语言并不是特别了解,甚至有些医疗服务提供者也不太了解,这令人不安。这次演讲将实现三个目标。首先,它将展示一种用户友好的、基于互联网的、个性化的风险评估工具是如何使用既定的风险沟通原则并以健康行为改变理论为基础的,可以增加改变行为的动机。它将在使用“你的疾病风险”来告知妇女体育活动与乳腺癌风险之间的关系的背景下实现这一目标。其次,它将说明一种新的个性化风险评估工具的发展,这种工具可以增加对生活方式行为与整体健康和健康之间联系的理解。具体来说,它将五种导致重大发病率和死亡率的疾病(即结肠癌、乳腺癌(妇女)、心脏病、糖尿病和中风)的累积发病率数据转化为一种工具,以一种可理解和有用的方式向来自不同社会人口背景的外行人传达个性化的风险估计。前提是,说明单一行为如何影响几种疾病的可能性,可以促进对行为在降低健康风险方面的重要性的更连贯和有意义的描述,并可以增加参与这种行为的动机。这项研究的行为背景也是身体活动。第三,本演讲讨论了工具的局限性,这些工具只传达风险信息,而不能帮助用户弥合想要改变他们的行为与拥有知识、技能和信心之间的差距,以实际启动和维护这些变化。引用格式:Erika A. Waters。使用风险评估工具来激励行为改变。[摘要]。摘自:AACR特别会议论文集:改进癌症风险预测以预防和早期发现;2016年11月16日至19日;费城(PA): AACR;Cancer epidemiology Biomarkers pre2017;26(5增刊):摘要/ Abstract
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Abstract IA22: Using risk assessment tools to motivate behavior change
Epidemiology identifies risk factors for cancer and other diseases based on the idea that conveying such information to healthcare providers, the general public, and policy makers will result in population-wide improvements in healthy behaviors and, consequently, population-wide improvements in health outcomes. These actions assume that the audience understands and uses the information to make health-related decisions. However, the language of epidemiology, which is steeped in probabilistic thinking, is not necessarily the language of the general public. Furthermore, growing evidence suggests that the language of epidemiology is not particularly well-understood by policy makers or even, disconcertingly, by some healthcare providers. This presentation will accomplish three objectives. First, it will demonstrate how a user-friendly, Internet-based, personalized risk assessment tool that uses established principles of risk communication and is grounded in health behavior change theories can increase motivation to change behavior. It will accomplish this in the context of using Your Disease Risk to inform women about the association between physical activity and breast cancer risk. Second, it will illustrate the development of a novel personalized risk assessment tool that increases understanding of the link between lifestyle behaviors and overall health and wellness. Specifically, it translates cumulative incidence data about five diseases that cause significant morbidity and mortality (i.e., colon cancer, breast cancer (women), heart disease, diabetes, and stroke) into a tool that conveys personalized risk estimates in a comprehensible and useful way for laypeople from diverse socio-demographic backgrounds. The premise is that illustrating how a single behavior can affect the likelihood of developing several diseases could foster a more coherent and meaningful picture of the behavior9s importance in reducing health risks and could increase motivation to engage in the behavior. The behavioral context for this study is also physical activity. Third, this presentation discuss the limits of tools that convey only risk information and do not help users bridge the gap between wanting to change their behavior and having the knowledge, skills, and confidence to actually initiate and maintain such changes. Citation Format: Erika A. Waters. Using risk assessment tools to motivate behavior change. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference: Improving Cancer Risk Prediction for Prevention and Early Detection; Nov 16-19, 2016; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2017;26(5 Suppl):Abstract nr IA22.
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