基于风险认知与沟通的雾霾环境下学校体育参与者应对行为研究

Xianjia Zhao, Shijia Fang
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摘要

近年来,雾霾已成为中国最具灾害性的天气事件之一,危害着人们的日常生活,严重影响着公众健康。探讨雾霾环境下学校体育参与者的风险认知与沟通。本研究采用文献资料法、问卷调查法等研究方法,深入了解雾霾天气环境下学校体育教学的现状。空间自相关指数检验了雾霾污染的空间集聚特征。有证据表明,在雾霾环境中运动可能会导致身体不适和轻微的心理压力。最大摄氧量差异有统计学意义(p < 0.01)。学生雾霾感知水平与学生体育锻炼积极性呈正相关,具有显著的预测作用。雾霾感知水平对抵抗应对行为的解释力为49.5% (R2 = 0.495, P < 0.001)。受雾霾影响,学校体育活动参与者雾霾风险认知较高,应对行为较弱,学校雾霾风险沟通较低。经验和政策监管解释了50.1%的风险沟通影响因素信息,具有较高的解释力。可以得出结论,在体育课中应该进行户外教学和实践,因为室外空气对人体没有影响,可以增强体质和健康。
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Research on Coping Behaviour of School Sports Participants in Smog Environment Based on Risk Cognition and Communication
Abstract In recent years, smog has become one of the most disastrous weather events in China, hurting daily life and seriously affecting public health. To explore the school sports participants in a smog environment based on risk cognition and communication. This study used literature, questionnaire, and other research methods to deeply understand the current situation of school physical education in the haze weather environment. The spatial autocorrelation index tested the spatial agglomeration characteristics of smog pollution. As was evidenced, sports in a smog environment can cause physical discomfort and mild psychological stress. The significant difference in maximal oxygen uptake was p < 0.01. The level of students’ perception of smog positively correlates with students’ active of physical exercise, and it has a significant predictive effect. The explanatory power of smog perception level to resisting coping behaviour is 49.5 % (R2 = 0.495, P < 0.001). Under the influence of smog, participants in school sports activities showed high smog risk cognition and weak coping behaviour, and schools showed low smog risk communication. Experience and policy supervision explain 50.1 % of the information on risk communication influencing factors, with high explanatory power. One can conclude that outdoor teaching and practice in physical education classes should be carried out because the outdoor air does not influence the human body to enhance physical fitness and health.
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