海洋动物显生宙生物多样性的生物与非生物控制

Andrew M. Bush, J. Payne
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引用次数: 12

摘要

在过去的5.41亿年里,海洋动物经历了以无方向性波动分隔的早寒武世、奥陶世、白垩纪—新生代3个多样化时期,表现出多样性依赖的动态变化,平衡多样性随时间变化。浅海生境面积和气候等因素的变化似乎调节了这种非定向波动。海洋动物和初级生产者的进化创新,加上食物和氧气供应的逐步增加,最好地解释了多样性的定向增加。随着生态系统变得更加复杂,捕食和干扰等生物相互作用强度的增加可能导致了对多样化的积极反馈。进一步研究的重要领域包括提高古生物数据集的地理覆盖范围和时间分辨率,以及加深我们对地球系统进化和调节生物对环境变化反应的生理和生态特征的理解。预计《生态、进化和分类学年度评论》第52卷的最终在线出版日期为2021年11月。修订后的估计数请参阅http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates。
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Biotic and Abiotic Controls on the Phanerozoic History of Marine Animal Biodiversity
During the past 541 million years, marine animals underwent three intervals of diversification (early Cambrian, Ordovician, Cretaceous–Cenozoic) separated by nondirectional fluctuation, suggesting diversity-dependent dynamics with the equilibrium diversity shifting through time. Changes in factors such as shallow-marine habitat area and climate appear to have modulated the nondirectional fluctuations. Directional increases in diversity are best explained by evolutionary innovations in marine animals and primary producers coupled with stepwise increases in the availability of food and oxygen. Increasing intensity of biotic interactions such as predation and disturbance may have led to positive feedbacks on diversification as ecosystems became more complex. Important areas for further research include improving the geographic coverage and temporal resolution of paleontological data sets, as well as deepening our understanding of Earth system evolution and the physiological and ecological traits that modulated organismal responses to environmental change. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics, Volume 52 is November 2021. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
19.90
自引率
1.70%
发文量
21
期刊介绍: The Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics is a scholarly publication that has been in circulation since 1970. It focuses on important advancements in the areas of ecology, evolutionary biology, and systematics, with relevance to all forms of life on Earth. The journal features essay reviews that encompass various topics such as phylogeny, speciation, molecular evolution, behavior, evolutionary physiology, population dynamics, ecosystem processes, and applications in invasion biology, conservation, and environmental management. Recently, the current volume of the journal transitioned from a subscription-based model to open access through the Annual Reviews' Subscribe to Open program. Consequently, all articles published in the current volume are now available under a CC BY license.
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