A detail study of phytochemical screening, antioxidant potential and acute toxicity of Agaricus bisporus extract and its chitosan loaded nanoparticles

Aim

Scrutinize the phytochemical, antioxidant and acute toxicity of Agaricus bisporus extract (ABE) and A. bisporus loaded chitosan nanoparticles (ABCNPs).

Methods

Phytochemical such as total phenol and flavonoid, and terpenoid, alkaloid, steroid, carbohydrate, tannins and proteins where determined. The antioxidant activity such as DPPH, ABTS and reducing power of ABE and ABCNPs where estimated by spectrophotometry assay. The estimation of total phenolic content was determined by Folin–Ciocalteu method. The acute toxicity studies of ABE and ABCNPs were investigated in male Sprague Dawley rats. Results: In the DPPH, ABTS^•+ and reducing power scavenging assays, of ABE displayed significant antioxidant activities with the inhibition values of 27.78, 27.62 and 81.97% and ABCNPs inhibition values 27.78, 27.62 and 78.13% respectively. The reducing power of the extract increased dose-dependently, and the ABE and ABCNPs reduced the most Fe³⁺ ions. The amount of total phenolics was reported 1 g of sample contains 8.19±1 mg of gallic acid and total flavonoid analysis by the assay of aluminum chloride spectrophotometric reported 1 g of sample contains 10.3 ± 1 mg of quercetin in ABE and ABCNPs. The acute toxicity was found bellow 2747.25 mg/kg b.w. in ABE and 3178.86 mg/kg b.w. of ABCNPs.

Conclusion

The white button mushroom A. bisporus could be considered as a dietary natural food products with antioxidant activity. Thus our results provide evidence that AB and ABCNPs proves to have a potent antioxidant and intermittent therapy against cancer.