焦虑、抑郁、COVID-19焦虑以及医院环境对大流行期间皮肤科门诊患者的影响

Nurhan Aktaş, Türkan Güray, A. Alyanak, Basak Bagci
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摘要

背景:世界卫生组织已将COVID-19感染定义为大流行。人们强调焦虑和抑郁会随着大流行而增加。目的:本研究旨在确定大流行期间就诊于皮肤科门诊的患者的焦虑、抑郁和COVID-19焦虑,以及医院环境对他们的影响。材料与方法:采用问卷调查法,包括社会人口学特征、对COVID-19感染在医院传播的犹豫状态、医院对流行病学的相关态度、认为有感染传播风险的人群和医院场所、对远程皮肤科的看法、状态-特质焦虑量表(sta1、sta2)、医院焦虑抑郁量表(HADS)和COVID-19焦虑量表(CAS)。检查后记录皮肤疾病的诊断。结果:研究纳入了2021年3月皮肤科门诊就诊的458例患者(女性60.7%,平均年龄31.8岁)。在患者中,64.7%的人认为他们对COVID-19感染在医院传播的犹豫程度为中等及以上。用STAI1量表,中重度焦虑率为47.6%;HADS患者的焦虑率为26.6%;HADS患者抑郁率为37.3%;而在CAS中,因COVID-19引起的焦虑率为3.9%。结论:皮肤科患者应被评估为至少与其他社会成员一样受到不良影响。患者发现医院环境在COVID-19感染传播方面存在风险,这造成了额外的压力因素。
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Anxiety, depression, COVID-19 anxiety, and the effects of hospital environment on patients presenting to dermatology outpatient clinic during the pandemic
Background: The World Health Organization has defined the COVID-19 infection as a pandemic. Anxiety and depression are emphasized to increase with the pandemic. Aims: The current study aimed to identify anxiety, depression, and COVID-19 anxiety of patients who presented to the dermatology outpatient clinic and the effects of hospital environment on them during the pandemic. Materials and Methods: A questionnaire was applied, including questions about the sociodemographic characteristics, the state of being hesitant about transmission of COVID-19 infection in hospital, pandemic-associated attitudes in hospital, persons and hospital sites thought to be risky for transmission of the infection, opinion about tele-dermatology, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI1, STAI2), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and the COVID-19 Anxiety Scales (CAS). The diagnoses of skin disorders were recorded after examinations. Results: The study included 458 patients (60.7% females, the mean age was 31.8 years) who presented to the dermatology outpatient clinic in March 2021. Of patients, 64.7% rated their hesitancy as moderate and higher about the transmission of the COVID-19 infection in hospital. With the STAI1 scale, the rate of moderate and severe anxiety was 47.6%; with the HADS, the rate of anxiety was 26.6%; with the HADS, the rate of depression was 37.3%; and with the CAS, the rate of anxiety due to COVID-19 was 3.9%. Conclusion: Dermatology patients should be evaluated to be adversely affected at least as much as the other members of the society. Patients found the hospital environment risky in terms of the transmission of COVID-19 infection, creating an additional stress factor.
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