O.W. Murphy , K.E. Hoy , D. Wong , N.W. Bailey , P.B. Fitzgerald , R.A. Segrave
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Event-related synchronisation/desynchronisation (ERS/ERD) was calculated for theta, upper alpha, and gamma oscillations during WM encoding and maintenance.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>tDCS significantly increased parieto-occipital upper alpha ERS/ERD during WM maintenance, observed on EEG recorded 5- and 25-minutes post-stimulation. tRNS + DC-offset did not significantly alter WM-related oscillatory activity when compared to sham stimulation. Neither tDCS nor tRNS + DC-offset improved WM performance to a significantly greater degree than sham stimulation.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Although tDCS induced persistent effects on WM-related oscillatory activity, neither tDCS nor tRNS + DC-offset enhanced WM performance in MDD.</p></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><p>This reflects the first sham-controlled comparison of tDCS and tRNS + DC-offset in MDD. 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Event-related synchronisation/desynchronisation (ERS/ERD) was calculated for theta, upper alpha, and gamma oscillations during WM encoding and maintenance.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>tDCS significantly increased parieto-occipital upper alpha ERS/ERD during WM maintenance, observed on EEG recorded 5- and 25-minutes post-stimulation. tRNS + DC-offset did not significantly alter WM-related oscillatory activity when compared to sham stimulation. Neither tDCS nor tRNS + DC-offset improved WM performance to a significantly greater degree than sham stimulation.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Although tDCS induced persistent effects on WM-related oscillatory activity, neither tDCS nor tRNS + DC-offset enhanced WM performance in MDD.</p></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><p>This reflects the first sham-controlled comparison of tDCS and tRNS + DC-offset in MDD. 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Effects of transcranial direct current stimulation and transcranial random noise stimulation on working memory and task-related EEG in major depressive disorder
Objective
To compare effects of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) and transcranial random noise stimulation with a direct-current offset (tRNS + DC-offset) on working memory (WM) performance and task-related electroencephalography (EEG) in individuals with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD).
Methods
Using a sham-controlled, parallel-groups design, 49 participants with MDD received either anodal tDCS (N = 16), high-frequency tRNS + DC-offset (N = 16), or sham stimulation (N = 17) to the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) for 20-minutes. The Sternberg WM task was completed with concurrent EEG recording before and at 5- and 25-minutes post-stimulation. Event-related synchronisation/desynchronisation (ERS/ERD) was calculated for theta, upper alpha, and gamma oscillations during WM encoding and maintenance.
Results
tDCS significantly increased parieto-occipital upper alpha ERS/ERD during WM maintenance, observed on EEG recorded 5- and 25-minutes post-stimulation. tRNS + DC-offset did not significantly alter WM-related oscillatory activity when compared to sham stimulation. Neither tDCS nor tRNS + DC-offset improved WM performance to a significantly greater degree than sham stimulation.
Conclusions
Although tDCS induced persistent effects on WM-related oscillatory activity, neither tDCS nor tRNS + DC-offset enhanced WM performance in MDD.
Significance
This reflects the first sham-controlled comparison of tDCS and tRNS + DC-offset in MDD. These findings directly contrast with evidence of tRNS-induced enhancements in WM in healthy individuals.
期刊介绍：
Brain and Cognition is a forum for the integration of the neurosciences and cognitive sciences. B&C publishes peer-reviewed research articles, theoretical papers, case histories that address important theoretical issues, and historical articles into the interaction between cognitive function and brain processes. The focus is on rigorous studies of an empirical or theoretical nature and which make an original contribution to our knowledge about the involvement of the nervous system in cognition. Coverage includes, but is not limited to memory, learning, emotion, perception, movement, music or praxis in relationship to brain structure or function. Published articles will typically address issues relating some aspect of cognitive function to its neurological substrates with clear theoretical import, formulating new hypotheses or refuting previously established hypotheses. Clinical papers are welcome if they raise issues of theoretical importance or concern and shed light on the interaction between brain function and cognitive function. We welcome review articles that clearly contribute a new perspective or integration, beyond summarizing the literature in the field; authors of review articles should make explicit where the contribution lies. We also welcome proposals for special issues on aspects of the relation between cognition and the structure and function of the nervous system. Such proposals can be made directly to the Editor-in-Chief from individuals interested in being guest editors for such collections.
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