上帝和人类为什么要惩罚?惩罚动机的感知依赖于真实自我观。

IF 3.4 2区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2023-04-02 DOI:10.1177/01461672231160027
Young-Eun Lee, James P Dunlea, Larisa Heiphetz
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引用次数: 0

摘要

外行人经常相信上帝会惩罚违法行为;然而,他们对上帝惩罚动机的推论仍然不清楚。我们通过让普通人指出上帝为什么惩罚来解决这个话题。我们还研究了参与者关于人类为什么惩罚以促进学术对话的推断,即人们可能在多大程度上拟人化上帝的思想。在研究1A至1C中,参与者认为上帝的报复性不如人类。在研究2中,参与者期望上帝(相对于人类)更积极地看待人类的真实自我;这种差异介导了参与者对上帝的看法,认为上帝的报复性不如人类。研究3操纵了代理人对人类真实自我的看法,并考察了这些信息如何影响每个代理人的感知动机。当一个代理人认为真实的自我是好的(而不是坏的)时,参与者认为该代理人的报复性较小。这些发现扩展了对惩罚动机世俗理论的研究,并突出了宗教认知和道德认知之间的联系。
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Why Do God and Humans Punish? Perceived Retributivist Punishment Motives Hinge on Views of the True Self.

Laypeople often believe that God punishes transgressions; however, their inferences about God's punishment motives remain unclear. We addressed this topic by asking laypeople to indicate why God punishes. We also examined participants' inferences about why humans punish to contribute to scholarly conversations regarding the extent to which people may anthropomorphize God's mind. In Studies 1A to 1C, participants viewed God as less retributive than humans. In Study 2, participants expected God (vs. humans) to view humans' true selves more positively; this difference mediated participants' views of God as less retributive than humans. Study 3 manipulated agents' views of humans' true selves and examined how such information influenced each agent's perceived motives. Participants viewed a given agent as less retributive when that agent regarded the true self as good (versus bad). These findings extend scholarship on lay theories of punishment motives and highlight links between religious and moral cognition.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
9.20
自引率
5.00%
发文量
116
期刊介绍: The Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin is the official journal for the Society of Personality and Social Psychology. The journal is an international outlet for original empirical papers in all areas of personality and social psychology.
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