下流而高尚的笔记:相互依存结构驱动自私自利的流言蜚语

IF 3.4 2区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2023-05-25 DOI:10.1177/01461672231171054
Terence D Dores Cruz, Romy van der Lee, Myriam N Bechtoldt, Bianca Beersma
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引用次数: 0

摘要

人们通过流言蜚语获得了许多关于他人的信息。但这些流言蜚语可信吗?我们在一项情景研究(参与者人数 = 350,观察人数 = 700)和一项互动实验室实验(参与者人数 = 126;观察人数 = 3024)中对此进行了研究。在这两项研究中,参与者都玩了一个连续的囚徒困境游戏,在这个游戏中,流言发送者观察到了目标(第一决定者)的决定,并可以向接收者(第二决定者)说三道四。我们对相互依赖结构进行了调整,使流言发送者的结果等于目标者的结果、等于接收者的结果或独立于目标者的结果。与没有相互依赖关系相比,当流言者与目标相互依赖时,流言的错误率更高;而当流言者与接收者相互依赖时,流言的错误率则不高。因此,虚假的正面流言(与目标相互依赖时为自己服务)增加了,但虚假的负面流言(与接收者相互依赖时为自己服务)没有增加。总之,相互依赖结构影响了流言的可信度:当流言者的结果与目标相互依赖时,流言的可信度较低。
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Nasty and Noble Notes: Interdependence Structures Drive Self-Serving Gossip.

Much information people receive about others reaches them via gossip. But is this gossip trustworthy? We examined this in a scenario study (Nsenders = 350, Nobservations = 700) and an interactive laboratory experiment (Nsenders = 126; Nobservations = 3024). In both studies, participants played a sequential prisoner's dilemma where a gossip sender observed a target's (first decider's) decision and could gossip about this to a receiver (second decider). We manipulated the interdependence structure such that gossipers' outcomes were equal to targets' outcomes, equal to receivers' outcomes, or independent. Compared to no interdependence, gossip was more often false when gossipers were interdependent with targets but not when interdependent with receivers. As such, false positive gossip (self-serving when interdependent with targets) increased but false negative gossip (self-serving when interdependent with receivers) did not. In conclusion, the interdependence structure affected gossip's trustworthiness: When gossipers' outcomes were interdependent with targets, gossip was less trustworthy.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
9.20
自引率
5.00%
发文量
116
期刊介绍: The Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin is the official journal for the Society of Personality and Social Psychology. The journal is an international outlet for original empirical papers in all areas of personality and social psychology.
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