自闭症青少年和非自闭症青少年在社会和情感洞察力方面的性别差异。

IF 6.3 1区 医学 Q1 GENETICS & HEREDITY Molecular Autism Pub Date : 2023-03-04 DOI:10.1186/s13229-023-00541-w
Hunter Mattern, Meredith Cola, Kimberly G Tena, Azia Knox, Alison Russell, Maggie Rose Pelella, Aili Hauptmann, Maxine Covello, Julia Parish-Morris, Joseph P McCleery
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引用次数: 1

摘要

自闭症在20世纪上半叶被医学界正式承认。近100年后,一份规模虽小但不断增长的文献报道了自闭症行为表现的性别差异。最近的研究也开始探索自闭症患者的内在体验,包括社会和情感洞察力。目前的研究在半结构化的临床访谈中,对患有自闭症和非自闭症的女孩和男孩的社会和情感洞察力的语言标记进行了性别差异研究。64名年龄在5岁到17岁之间的参与者分别按照实际年龄和全面智商进行匹配,分为四组:自闭症女孩、自闭症男孩、非自闭症女孩和非自闭症男孩。采访记录使用四种量表进行评分,这些量表对社会和情感洞察力的各个方面进行了索引。结果揭示了诊断的主要影响,如自闭症青少年在社会认知和客体关系、情感投入和社会因果关系指标上表现出低于非自闭症青少年的洞察力。关于性别差异,在诊断中,女孩在社会认知和客体关系、情感投入和社会因果关系量表上的评分高于男孩。在每个诊断中分别检查,明显的性别差异出现了:在各自的诊断组中,自闭症和非自闭症女孩都比男孩表现出更好的社会认知和对社会因果关系的理解。然而,在情绪洞察力量表上没有发现诊断内的性别差异。这些结果表明,女孩对社会因果关系的相对增强的社会认知和理解可能是一种人口水平的性别差异,这种差异在自闭症中被保留下来,尽管这种疾病的核心社会挑战是自闭症的特征。目前的研究结果揭示了关于自闭症女孩和男孩的社会和情感思维以及关系的重要新信息,这对提高识别和设计有效的干预措施具有重要意义。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

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Sex differences in social and emotional insight in youth with and without autism.

Autism was formally recognized by the medical community in the first half of the twentieth century. Almost 100 years later, a small but growing literature has reported sex differences in the behavioral expression of autism. Recent research has also begun to explore the internal experiences of individuals with autism, including social and emotional insight. The current study examines sex differences in language-based markers of social and emotional insight in girls and boys with autism and non-autistic peers during semi-structured clinical interviews. Sixty-four participants aged 5 to 17 years were individually matched on chronological age and full-scale IQ to form four groups: autistic girls, autistic boys, non-autistic girls, and non-autistic boys. Transcribed interviews were scored using four scales that index aspects of social and emotional insight. Results revealed the main effects of diagnosis, such that youth with autism exhibited lower insight than non-autistic youth on scales indexing social cognition and object relations, emotional investment, and social causality. With regards to sex differences, across diagnoses, girls were rated higher than boys on the social cognition and object relations, emotional investment, and social causality scales. Examined within each diagnosis separately, clear sex differences emerged: both autistic and non-autistic girls demonstrated better social cognition and understanding of social causality than boys in their respective diagnostic groups. No within-diagnosis sex differences were found on the emotional insight scales, however. These results suggest that relatively enhanced social cognition and understanding of social causality in girls may be a population-level sex difference that is preserved in autism, despite the core social challenges that characterize this condition. The current findings reveal critical new information about insight into social and emotional thinking and relationships in autistic girls versus boys that have important implications for improving identification and designing effective interventions.

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来源期刊
Molecular Autism
Molecular Autism GENETICS & HEREDITY-NEUROSCIENCES
CiteScore
12.10
自引率
1.60%
发文量
44
审稿时长
17 weeks
期刊介绍: Molecular Autism is a peer-reviewed, open access journal that publishes high-quality basic, translational and clinical research that has relevance to the etiology, pathobiology, or treatment of autism and related neurodevelopmental conditions. Research that includes integration across levels is encouraged. Molecular Autism publishes empirical studies, reviews, and brief communications.
期刊最新文献
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