Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio and Hs-CRP Predict Mortality in COVID-19 Patients

Abstract

Background: Inflammation plays an important role in the pathogenesis of COVID-19 and can be an important factor in the prognosis. The innate immune response to a respiratory infection is characterised by an influx of neutrophils to the lungs, particularly the alveoli. A sustained release of anti-inflammatory cytokines may lead to widespread apoptosis of lymphocytes, resulting in lymphopenia. Hs-CRP is an indicator of COVID-19 inflammation. The aim of this study was to analyse Neutrophilto-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) and Hs-CRP in order to predict mortality in COVID-19 patients. Research methods: This research was conducted at Moewardi Hospital in July 2020. The subjects were COVID-19 patients. NLR is neutrophils divided by lymphocytes using a haematology analyser. The examination of Hs-CRP was conducted utilizing the ELISA method. Statistical test with an independent T-test and cox proportional hazard analysis with p <0.05 was also used. Results: The results showed that Hs-CRP and NLR increased in COVID-19 patients who later died and obtained lower levels of surviving (p = 0.001 and p = 0.11). Hs-CRP increased the risk of death for COVID-19 patients (p = 0.18;HR = 1.036) and NLR also increased the risk of death for COVID-19 patients (p = 0.08;HR = 1.34) Conclusion: Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio and Hs-CRP predicted mortality in COVID-19 patients