Frequency Stabilization in a Microgrid Cluster Using Plug-in Electric Vehicle with Power-Frequency Droop Control Strategy

Abstract

A microgrid brings together a number of distributed energy resources, energy users and energy storing devices to supply reliable power to the end-users. It can better associate to connect to rural areas where it is not feasible and economic for a transmission system to supply power. The microgrids can be connected to form a microgrid cluster for better reliability of power when the microgrid units increase in number. The frequency of the system gets affected when the share of distributed resources increases and a plug-in electric vehicles (PEV) can be used to regulate the frequency as it can work as a generator or load. The ancillary service of a PEV in the frequency stabilization has a better response characteristics as the charging and discharging of a PEV is not a mechanical process.The accommodation of a PEV in load frequency control is possible because of the application of it in the vehicle to grid mode. The control signals are carried through communication network provided for the purpose. In a load frequency control loop with PEV, this causes time delay and hence data missing may happen. The load frequency control is greatly affected by the presence of time delay.