Preliminary Study on the Concept and Evaluation Index System of Grain Industry Security

Abstract

The grain industry security is a major strategic issue that is related to the development of national economy and national security, and the establishment of evaluation index system of grain industry security is the premise and foundation of the grain industry security evaluation. In this paper, the concept of food security is sorted out, and the concept of grain industry security is presented, meanwhile on the base of the construction of grain industry security system theory model, analysis the influence of potential threat, industry main body and macro safeguards on grain industry security, clarify the action mechanism of various factors and establish a index system of grain industry security evaluation. Keywords—grain industry security; influence factor; index system I. THE DEFINITION OF GRAIN INDUSTRY SECURITY CONCEPT Improving the overall national food acquisition ability and eliminating macro food insecurity risk are the basis and premise of elimination of household and personal food insecurity. Therefore, the security of food production and circulation is the key to the problem of food security, and the grain industry carrier of assuming grain production and circulation should be a research area of food security issues. After accession to WTO, the greatest impact in the field of agriculture is food industry. The core content of the Sino-US agricultural cooperation agreement that is a precondition for China’s accession to WTO is food trade. The huge differences in grain production costs between China and other developed food exporting countries determines the china’s disadvantaged position of exports and the international grain markets’ impact on China's food industry is inevitable. Therefore, China's food industry not only should have a stable production capacity, ensure that the grain has the stable and effective supply, but also to foster and strengthened food industry’s competitiveness, foster food industry’s penetration on international food market, so as to avoid taking up too much market share by the United States and other countries exporting food, this is the need for food industry's own development, and even the need for food security. Therefore, the definition of the concept of food security from the industry level, this paper puts forward the concept of grain industry security: in the integrated international and domestic market environment, a country's food industry is competitive in the participation international competition, can resist the risk factors from the outside and inside and maintain sustainability of grain production and smoothness of grain circulation, thereby form a stable, efficient food supply. II. THE DESIGN OF FOOD INDUSTRY SAFETY EVALUATION INDEX SYSTEM Evaluation of the food security of the FAO is a method of macro comparison, the operation is simple, meanwhile facilitates the comparison between international. The main basis of the indicators included in; food production, import and export volume, the amount of inventory; the total population and the age and gender distribution; consumer distribution [1]. At present, the Chinese scholars studying on the food security evaluation apply the meth-od of indicators used four or five factors [2-6], namely using four indicators such as: the fluctuation co-efficient of grain output, the rate of food selfsufficiency, the food reserve ratio and the per capita grain possession, with the indicator "food security of the poor" to assess food industry safety. Some scholars put forward more index in the study, such as food and dietary energy supply and demand balance, fluctuation index of demand for food and rate of food price increase, etc.[7] Food industry security system is an organic system composed of several interrelated, interacting elements, is a complex system. For such a complex system, with a single index to reflect the degree of security is not enough, so establishments of a scientific, reasonable, complete structure, clear logic index system is very necessary. Before the construction of index system, we should establish the theory model of grain industry security system, that is the basis of establishing the evaluation index system. A. The Theory Model of Food Industry Safety System The internal and external risks that food industry is facing is inevitable, so we should observe the grain industry security problems, standing in the system rather than standing on the system—focus on the food industry’s overall survival ability and the capacity of guaranteeing the stable, effective food supply. Abstract description of the concept of food security from the point of view of the system, grain industry security is grain industry’s state of being able to meet the established Sponsors: Science and Technology Foundation Project of North China Institute of Science and Technology,GL1201A Fourth International Conference on Economic and Business Management (FEBM 2019) Copyright © 2019, the Authors. Published by Atlantis Press. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/). Advances in Economics, Business and Management Research, volume 106