This paper takes Shanghai-Shenzhen A-share listed companies as research samples from 2010-2018, and empirically tests the impact of religious culture on the level of corporate risktaking. The study found that religious culture is negatively correlated with the level of corporate risk tolerance. The research results of this paper show that the religious culture atmosphere will have a significant impact on the investment decision of the enterprise. The strong religious culture atmosphere will make the investment decision of the enterprise more conservative and may give up some high-risk but expected net present value is positive investment opportunities. The research in this paper enriches and expands the related research on religious culture and enterprise risk commitment, which has certain theoretical and practical significance for us to understand and understand the investment decision of enterprises. Keywords—religious culture; enterprise risk commitment; corporate investment decision
{"title":"Religious Culture and Corporate Risk taking","authors":"Zhi-Qiang Liu, Nan Ma","doi":"10.2991/febm-19.2019.43","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2991/febm-19.2019.43","url":null,"abstract":"This paper takes Shanghai-Shenzhen A-share listed companies as research samples from 2010-2018, and empirically tests the impact of religious culture on the level of corporate risktaking. The study found that religious culture is negatively correlated with the level of corporate risk tolerance. The research results of this paper show that the religious culture atmosphere will have a significant impact on the investment decision of the enterprise. The strong religious culture atmosphere will make the investment decision of the enterprise more conservative and may give up some high-risk but expected net present value is positive investment opportunities. The research in this paper enriches and expands the related research on religious culture and enterprise risk commitment, which has certain theoretical and practical significance for us to understand and understand the investment decision of enterprises. Keywords—religious culture; enterprise risk commitment; corporate investment decision","PeriodicalId":417272,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Economic and Business Management (FEBM 2019)","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114989589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper takes Dalian Free Trade Zone as the research object, and studies the policy of introducing high-level talents into Dalian Free Trade Zone. On the basis of searching the relevant literature and studying the introduction policies of the governments of various development zones, this paper uses the theory of human resources management to carry out research and discussion. Through these methods and theories, the present situation of the introduction of high-level talents in Dalian Free Trade Zone is analyzed, the existing problems are extracted and the causes are analyzed. At the end of the article, we draw some policy suggestions. Keywords—Dalian Free Trade Zone; high-level talents; introduction strategy I. PRESENT SITUATION OF INTRODUCTION OF HIGH-LEVEL TALENTS IN DALIAN FREE TRADE ZONE In order to probe into the demand of high-level talents in Dalian Free Trade Zone, the research group has made a thorough investigation on the demand of high-level talents in Dalian Free Trade Zone Management Committee, and has fully communicated and exchanged with the human resource managers of some enterprises in the Bonded Zone. It has basically grasped the current demand of talents in the Bonded Zone. The research provides a solid foundation. High-level talents are important resources in every region. In order to successfully introduce high-level talents, Dalian Free Trade Zone has formulated a series of welfare introduction strategies to attract talents. A. Distribution of Settlement Fees For the high-level talents identified by Dalian City, the top talents identified will be given 1:1 matching allowance for Settlement Fees; for the other classes of high-level talents identified, 1:0.5 matching allowance for Settlement; for the high-level overseas students and industry backbone talents identified, they will receive 500,000 yuan and 100,000 yuan of allowance for settling down. Settlement fees will be paid in accordance with the three-year period, during which if the high-level talents do not work in the new area, then the grant will be stopped. B. One-Time Reward Subsidy One-time reward subsidy of 3 million yuan for innovation team supported by Dalian Key Innovation Team Support Program; top-level talents supported by Dalian High-level Talents Innovation Support Program and top-level scientific and technological talents supported by Dalian Science and Technology Talents Entrepreneurship Support Program, a onetime reward of 2 million yuan is given, and a one-time reward subsidy of 500,000 yuan is given to the recognized academician expert workstation in order to encourage "flexible talent introduction" through the academician expert workstation. C. Distribution of Introduction Incentives to Human Resources Institutions Encourage human resources service organizations in bonded areas to develop high-level talent search business, in order to attract high-level talent at home and abroad for employment or entrepreneurship in bonded areas. Every successful i
{"title":"Research on the Strategy of Introducing High-level Talents in Dalian Free Trade Zone","authors":"Shih-Yung Wei, Kaiming Tan","doi":"10.2991/febm-19.2019.40","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2991/febm-19.2019.40","url":null,"abstract":"This paper takes Dalian Free Trade Zone as the research object, and studies the policy of introducing high-level talents into Dalian Free Trade Zone. On the basis of searching the relevant literature and studying the introduction policies of the governments of various development zones, this paper uses the theory of human resources management to carry out research and discussion. Through these methods and theories, the present situation of the introduction of high-level talents in Dalian Free Trade Zone is analyzed, the existing problems are extracted and the causes are analyzed. At the end of the article, we draw some policy suggestions. Keywords—Dalian Free Trade Zone; high-level talents; introduction strategy I. PRESENT SITUATION OF INTRODUCTION OF HIGH-LEVEL TALENTS IN DALIAN FREE TRADE ZONE In order to probe into the demand of high-level talents in Dalian Free Trade Zone, the research group has made a thorough investigation on the demand of high-level talents in Dalian Free Trade Zone Management Committee, and has fully communicated and exchanged with the human resource managers of some enterprises in the Bonded Zone. It has basically grasped the current demand of talents in the Bonded Zone. The research provides a solid foundation. High-level talents are important resources in every region. In order to successfully introduce high-level talents, Dalian Free Trade Zone has formulated a series of welfare introduction strategies to attract talents. A. Distribution of Settlement Fees For the high-level talents identified by Dalian City, the top talents identified will be given 1:1 matching allowance for Settlement Fees; for the other classes of high-level talents identified, 1:0.5 matching allowance for Settlement; for the high-level overseas students and industry backbone talents identified, they will receive 500,000 yuan and 100,000 yuan of allowance for settling down. Settlement fees will be paid in accordance with the three-year period, during which if the high-level talents do not work in the new area, then the grant will be stopped. B. One-Time Reward Subsidy One-time reward subsidy of 3 million yuan for innovation team supported by Dalian Key Innovation Team Support Program; top-level talents supported by Dalian High-level Talents Innovation Support Program and top-level scientific and technological talents supported by Dalian Science and Technology Talents Entrepreneurship Support Program, a onetime reward of 2 million yuan is given, and a one-time reward subsidy of 500,000 yuan is given to the recognized academician expert workstation in order to encourage \"flexible talent introduction\" through the academician expert workstation. C. Distribution of Introduction Incentives to Human Resources Institutions Encourage human resources service organizations in bonded areas to develop high-level talent search business, in order to attract high-level talent at home and abroad for employment or entrepreneurship in bonded areas. Every successful i","PeriodicalId":417272,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Economic and Business Management (FEBM 2019)","volume":"91 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115531888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In contemporary export trade, the fluctuations of RMB exchange rate has a great impact on the total volume of the export trade. The formal implementation of the "the Belt and Road" strategy put forward by President Xi brought new challenges to Shaanxi export trade. Under the new economic environment, it is necessary to study the new relationship between the exchange rate fluctuation and the export trade of Shaanxi. This paper presents a detailed study on how the total volume of export trade of Shaanxi is affected by the exchange rate through a new VAR model. Besides GDP, CPI, the policy variable of "the Belt and Road Initiative" is added to the new model to explore the different effects of variables on the total volume of the export trade of Shaanxi. Meanwhile, the introduction of the new policy variable optimizes the existing trade model of the exchange rate at a certain angle. After analyzing the empirical results, a new impact relationship of the exchange rate and the export trade of Shaanxi has been obtained, and the corresponding suggestions for optimizing the export trade structure of Shaanxi are proposed. Keywords— RMB exchange rate; export trade volume; VAR model; Belt and Road Initiative
{"title":"The Impact of the Fluctuations of RMB Exchange Rate on Shaanxi Export Trade under the Background of “the Belt and Road Initiative”","authors":"Zhenyan Xiao, Yujian Yang, Liangfu Li, Wen Shi","doi":"10.2991/febm-19.2019.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2991/febm-19.2019.6","url":null,"abstract":"In contemporary export trade, the fluctuations of RMB exchange rate has a great impact on the total volume of the export trade. The formal implementation of the \"the Belt and Road\" strategy put forward by President Xi brought new challenges to Shaanxi export trade. Under the new economic environment, it is necessary to study the new relationship between the exchange rate fluctuation and the export trade of Shaanxi. This paper presents a detailed study on how the total volume of export trade of Shaanxi is affected by the exchange rate through a new VAR model. Besides GDP, CPI, the policy variable of \"the Belt and Road Initiative\" is added to the new model to explore the different effects of variables on the total volume of the export trade of Shaanxi. Meanwhile, the introduction of the new policy variable optimizes the existing trade model of the exchange rate at a certain angle. After analyzing the empirical results, a new impact relationship of the exchange rate and the export trade of Shaanxi has been obtained, and the corresponding suggestions for optimizing the export trade structure of Shaanxi are proposed. Keywords— RMB exchange rate; export trade volume; VAR model; Belt and Road Initiative","PeriodicalId":417272,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Economic and Business Management (FEBM 2019)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128516085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper aims to make an empirical analysis of impacts on China’s transport service trade of international competitiveness. At first it makes comparative analysis between China and some relevant countries by calculating the competitiveness index of RCA, then this paper makes an empirical analysis of main factors affecting China’s transport service trade and draws a conclusion: China’s goods exportation have a positive impact on the international competitiveness of transport service, with an impact of 1.1%, followed by the openness of the transport service industry, with an impact of 0.7%. Finally, it puts forward some suggestions for the future development of China’s transportation service trade. Keywords—transport service trade, international competitiveness, empirical analysis
{"title":"Empirical Analysis of Impacts on China’s Transport Service Trade of International Competitiveness","authors":"N. Zhu, Zhenglin Cao","doi":"10.2991/febm-19.2019.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2991/febm-19.2019.12","url":null,"abstract":"This paper aims to make an empirical analysis of impacts on China’s transport service trade of international competitiveness. At first it makes comparative analysis between China and some relevant countries by calculating the competitiveness index of RCA, then this paper makes an empirical analysis of main factors affecting China’s transport service trade and draws a conclusion: China’s goods exportation have a positive impact on the international competitiveness of transport service, with an impact of 1.1%, followed by the openness of the transport service industry, with an impact of 0.7%. Finally, it puts forward some suggestions for the future development of China’s transportation service trade. Keywords—transport service trade, international competitiveness, empirical analysis","PeriodicalId":417272,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Economic and Business Management (FEBM 2019)","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124225285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Intellectual capital is an extremely important nonfinancial intangible asset owned by the company. Anti-risk capability refers to the ability of a company to integrate its own resources against external risks in the face of uncertainties. Intellectual capital is the driving force for corporate development, while anti-risk capability provides protection for the company. Both are indispensable in the long-term development of a company. This study selected the balanced panel data of 50 listed companies from constituent stock in China between 2011 and 2015 and explored the relationship between intellectual capital, anti-risk capability, and corporate value. Results show that the application of intellectual capital and the ability to resist risks vary greatly among different companies. At the same time, companies with higher levels of intellectual capital have higher corporate value. Keywords—intellectual capital; anti-risk capability; corporate value
{"title":"The Impacts of Intellectual Capital and Anti-risk Capability on Corporate Value: A research based on listed constituent stock","authors":"Hongyi Zhang, Xing-Yu Wang","doi":"10.2991/febm-19.2019.39","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2991/febm-19.2019.39","url":null,"abstract":"Intellectual capital is an extremely important nonfinancial intangible asset owned by the company. Anti-risk capability refers to the ability of a company to integrate its own resources against external risks in the face of uncertainties. Intellectual capital is the driving force for corporate development, while anti-risk capability provides protection for the company. Both are indispensable in the long-term development of a company. This study selected the balanced panel data of 50 listed companies from constituent stock in China between 2011 and 2015 and explored the relationship between intellectual capital, anti-risk capability, and corporate value. Results show that the application of intellectual capital and the ability to resist risks vary greatly among different companies. At the same time, companies with higher levels of intellectual capital have higher corporate value. Keywords—intellectual capital; anti-risk capability; corporate value","PeriodicalId":417272,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Economic and Business Management (FEBM 2019)","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123382985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In view of the lack of high-end and highperformance products in China's new energy automobile industry, the evolutionary game model of the core technology breakthrough of the new energy automobile industry is constructed, the behavioral strategies of multi-agent participation are analyzed, and the conditions of the system's progressive stability are discussed to realize the system's Tired balance. The research results show that the key to realizing the breakthrough of core technology in new energy automobile enterprises lies in the degree of government incentives, the additional cost of enterprise investment, the current opportunity loss of enterprises, and the innovation cost invested by academic institutions. Keywords—new energy vehicles; core technology breakthrough; evolutionary game; interest balance
{"title":"Research on Breakthrough of Core Technology of New Energy Automobile Industry Based on Evolutionary Game","authors":"Hanxi Wang, Benhai Guo, Wenjian Li","doi":"10.2991/febm-19.2019.22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2991/febm-19.2019.22","url":null,"abstract":"In view of the lack of high-end and highperformance products in China's new energy automobile industry, the evolutionary game model of the core technology breakthrough of the new energy automobile industry is constructed, the behavioral strategies of multi-agent participation are analyzed, and the conditions of the system's progressive stability are discussed to realize the system's Tired balance. The research results show that the key to realizing the breakthrough of core technology in new energy automobile enterprises lies in the degree of government incentives, the additional cost of enterprise investment, the current opportunity loss of enterprises, and the innovation cost invested by academic institutions. Keywords—new energy vehicles; core technology breakthrough; evolutionary game; interest balance","PeriodicalId":417272,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Economic and Business Management (FEBM 2019)","volume":"101 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115740426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Research on the Development Strategy of MOOC Platform Based on Scene Value Co-creation: Taking \" MOOC of Chinese University \" as an example","authors":"Yue Zhang, Xiaoxiao Guo, Junqi Yu, Shuo Chen, Xihui Chen, X. Wen","doi":"10.2991/febm-19.2019.48","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2991/febm-19.2019.48","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":417272,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Economic and Business Management (FEBM 2019)","volume":"617 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115827797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper takes the Switzerland's maternity leave policy change in 2006 as an example to examine the impact of maternity leave length on female labor market performance. To accurately identify the effect of the policy change on labor market performance of females, three dimensions of the labor market are being focused on; namely, gender discrimination, female workers` willingness to work and employment opportunities; as measured with the gender wage gap, the labor force participation rate, the employment-to-population ratio and the unemployment rate. Statistical results of the study, in which Switzerland is taken as experimental group while control group is composed of culturally, geographically and economically similar countries and in which the difference-in-difference (DD) framework along with individual fixed effects in the first stage and the difference-in-difference-in-difference method (DDD) are utilized, demonstrate that increased maternity length leave had negative impact on female workers` willingness to work and reduced their employment opportunities while not significantly changing the gender discrimination. Keywords—maternity leave, female employment
{"title":"The Impact of Maternity Leave on Female Labor Market Performance: A case study of Switzerland's policy change","authors":"Erpanjan Yasen, Yaxu Zhao, Min Jiang","doi":"10.2991/febm-19.2019.59","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2991/febm-19.2019.59","url":null,"abstract":"This paper takes the Switzerland's maternity leave policy change in 2006 as an example to examine the impact of maternity leave length on female labor market performance. To accurately identify the effect of the policy change on labor market performance of females, three dimensions of the labor market are being focused on; namely, gender discrimination, female workers` willingness to work and employment opportunities; as measured with the gender wage gap, the labor force participation rate, the employment-to-population ratio and the unemployment rate. Statistical results of the study, in which Switzerland is taken as experimental group while control group is composed of culturally, geographically and economically similar countries and in which the difference-in-difference (DD) framework along with individual fixed effects in the first stage and the difference-in-difference-in-difference method (DDD) are utilized, demonstrate that increased maternity length leave had negative impact on female workers` willingness to work and reduced their employment opportunities while not significantly changing the gender discrimination. Keywords—maternity leave, female employment","PeriodicalId":417272,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Economic and Business Management (FEBM 2019)","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128948810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Measuring the superposition of industrial policies on the key technology chains of new energy vehicles,using multiple regression models to explore the impact of the superposition of various policy measures on overall coordination .The result shows the multiple superposition of existing industrial policies has a limited effect on effectively promoting the development of new energy vehicle industry technology, and the adjustment of future policy should be based on dynamic monitoring of key technology chains. Keywords—New energy vehicles; key technology chain; superposition effect; policy optimization
{"title":"Measurement of Superposition of New Energy Vehicle Industry Policy Based on Key Technology and Policy Optimization","authors":"W. Lu, Benhai Guo, Wenjian Li","doi":"10.2991/febm-19.2019.37","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2991/febm-19.2019.37","url":null,"abstract":"Measuring the superposition of industrial policies on the key technology chains of new energy vehicles,using multiple regression models to explore the impact of the superposition of various policy measures on overall coordination .The result shows the multiple superposition of existing industrial policies has a limited effect on effectively promoting the development of new energy vehicle industry technology, and the adjustment of future policy should be based on dynamic monitoring of key technology chains. Keywords—New energy vehicles; key technology chain; superposition effect; policy optimization","PeriodicalId":417272,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Economic and Business Management (FEBM 2019)","volume":"164 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124600721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study explores the nexus among the Japanese trade in services to world trade and the economic development. Assuming that the relationship is linear, short-run Granger causality indicates that the export position negatively Granger causes the Japanese GDP relative to the world; the relative GDP exerts positive effects on the import position, and the export Granger causes the import position with negative effects while Granger causality runs from the later to the former with positive effects, and; the relative GDP positively Granger causes the Japanese import position. In the long-run, Wald tests show that the co-integration relationship Granger causes both the relative GDP and the import position in services, and; both export and import positions Granger cause the relative GDP, and both the relative GDP and the export position Granger cause the Japanese import position, all with positive effects. The export position in services seems to be exogenous to the model system, probably because of the policy interference of export facilitation. Keywords—Japan; Granger causality; trade in services; relative GDP; time series analysis
{"title":"Japan's Relative GDP and Positions in Services Trade: Co-integration and Granger causality tests based on linear VEC models","authors":"Yu Hong, Yumeng Yang, Kexuan Yu, Aijing Hu","doi":"10.2991/febm-19.2019.50","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2991/febm-19.2019.50","url":null,"abstract":"This study explores the nexus among the Japanese trade in services to world trade and the economic development. Assuming that the relationship is linear, short-run Granger causality indicates that the export position negatively Granger causes the Japanese GDP relative to the world; the relative GDP exerts positive effects on the import position, and the export Granger causes the import position with negative effects while Granger causality runs from the later to the former with positive effects, and; the relative GDP positively Granger causes the Japanese import position. In the long-run, Wald tests show that the co-integration relationship Granger causes both the relative GDP and the import position in services, and; both export and import positions Granger cause the relative GDP, and both the relative GDP and the export position Granger cause the Japanese import position, all with positive effects. The export position in services seems to be exogenous to the model system, probably because of the policy interference of export facilitation. Keywords—Japan; Granger causality; trade in services; relative GDP; time series analysis","PeriodicalId":417272,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Economic and Business Management (FEBM 2019)","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128921788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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