Pengaruh Konsentrasi Biopriming dengan Trichoderma Harzianum terhadap Viabilitas dan Vigor Benih Padi

Abstract

Abstrak Tanaman sering mengalami berbagai jenis cekaman termasuk cekaman biotik dan abiotik yang memberikan memberikan dampak buruk pada keseragaman kemunculan benih, kekuatan, dan dengan demikian hasil tanaman. Perlakuan biopriming yang diperkaya Trichoderma harzianum dapat mengurangi dampak buruk pada benih. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui konsentrasi pemberian larutan biopring pada benih padi yang dapat meningkatkan viabilitas dan vigor benih padi. Penelitian menggunakan benih padi varietas Inpari 32, cendwan Trichoderma harzianum, molases dan air cucian beras. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL), terdiri dari 7 perlakuan dan untuk tiap perlakuan masing-masing dilakukan pengulangan 3 kali. Adapun perlakuan yang digunakan sebagai berikut: Priming dengan air (sebagai kontrol), Biopriming T harzianum konsentrasi 5%, Biopriming T harzianum konsentrasi 5%, Biopriming T harzianum konsentrasi 10%, Biopriming T harzianum konsentrasi 15%, Biopriming T harzianum konsentrasi 20%, Biopriming T harzianum konsentrasi 25% dan Biopriming T harzianum konsentrasi 30%. Hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa perlakuan biopriming 30% memberikan daya kecambah tertinggi sebesar 100%. Perlakuan biopriming 20% memberikan hasil terbaik untuk panjang akar tertinggi yaitu 6,81 dan panjang epikotil 5,67 cm dan indeks vigor 1225,07. Perlakuan priming konsentrasi 10% memberikan hasil terbaik untuk keserempakan tumbuh benih sebesar 97,78% dan kecepatan tumbuh benih 58,89%. Pemberian konsentrasi 10%-30% biopriming yang diperkaya T harzianum memberikan hasil yang lebih baik untuk perkecamabahan benih padi bila dibandingkan tanpa biopriming.   Kata Kunci : Biopriming, viabilitas, Trichoderma harzianum, vigor, konsentrasi ABSTRACT Plants are often subjected to various types of stress including biotic and abiotic stress which have an adverse impact on the uniformity of seed emergence, vigor, and thus crop yields. Biopriming treatment enriched with Trichoderma harzianum can reduce the adverse effects on seeds. The aim of the study was to determine the concentration of biopring solution on rice seeds which could increase the viability and vigor of rice seeds. The study used rice seeds of the Inpari 32 variety, Trichoderma harzianum, molasses and rice washing water. The study used a completely randomized design (CRD), consisting of 7 treatments and each treatment was repeated 3 times. The treatments used were as follows: Priming with water (as control), Biopriming T harzianum 5% concentration, Biopriming T harzianum 5% concentration, Biopriming T harzianum 10% concentration, Biopriming T harzianum 15% concentration, Biopriming T harzianum 20% concentration, Biopriming T harzianum with a concentration of 25% and Biopriming T harzianum with a concentration of 30%. The results showed that the 30% biopriming treatment gave the highest germination rate of 100%. The 20% biopriming treatment gave the best results for the highest root length, namely 6.81 and epicotyl length of 5.67 cm and vigor index of 1225.07. Priming treatment with a concentration of 10% gave the best results for the simultaneous growth of seeds of 97.78% and the speed of seed growth of 58.89%. Giving a concentration of 10% -30% biopriming enriched with Trichoderma harzianum gave better results for rice seed germination than without biopriming.   Keywords : Biopriming, viability, Trichoderma harzianum, vigor, concentration