F. Predan, S. Heckelmann, M. Niemeyer, D. Lackner, A. Kovács, R. Dunin‐Borkowski, W. Jager, F. Dimroth
{"title":"Fabrication of highly efficient four-junction solar cells by surface-activated wafer-bonding","authors":"F. Predan, S. Heckelmann, M. Niemeyer, D. Lackner, A. Kovács, R. Dunin‐Borkowski, W. Jager, F. Dimroth","doi":"10.23919/LTB-3D.2017.7947433","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"We used surface-activated wafer-bonding (SAB) at low temperatures for the fabrication of advanced four-junction solar cells. The bonded heterojunctions are optimized regarding high electrical conductivity to avoid voltage losses especially for devices operating with high-current densities. Wafer-bonded 4-junction solar cells are today reaching the highest efficiencies for sunlight conversion into electricity and offer possible applications for space as well as concentrating photovoltaics.","PeriodicalId":183993,"journal":{"name":"2017 5th International Workshop on Low Temperature Bonding for 3D Integration (LTB-3D)","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2017-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"2017 5th International Workshop on Low Temperature Bonding for 3D Integration (LTB-3D)","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.23919/LTB-3D.2017.7947433","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
We used surface-activated wafer-bonding (SAB) at low temperatures for the fabrication of advanced four-junction solar cells. The bonded heterojunctions are optimized regarding high electrical conductivity to avoid voltage losses especially for devices operating with high-current densities. Wafer-bonded 4-junction solar cells are today reaching the highest efficiencies for sunlight conversion into electricity and offer possible applications for space as well as concentrating photovoltaics.