Opportunistic Infections As Aids-Defining Conditions: Case Study Of Hiv Infected Persons In Eastern Nigeria

The Internet Journal of Epidemiology Pub Date : 2009-12-31 DOI:10.5580/11c9

U. Dibua

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Abstract

The prevalence of opportunistic infections as WHO’s AIDS defining illnesses was investigated microbiologically in 2199 HIV positive Nigerians using urine, stool, sputa and nasopharyngeal secretions. ANOVA and the Pearson Chi-Square tests were used for data analysis. Frequently isolated gastrointestinal bacterial pathogens included non-typhoidal Salmonellae species (69.5%), Campylobacter jejuni (64.9%), Shigella species (60.0); diarrhea inducing protozoa: Entamoeba histolytica (62.8%), Gardia. lamblia (61.6%), Cryptosporidium spp (24.1); respiratory tract pathogens: Streptococcus pnuemoniae (84.6%) > H. influenzae (72.8%) > Pseudomonas aeroginosa (27.1%); fungal pathogens: C. albicans (65.6%) > H. duboisii (54.4%) > Aspergillus spp (45.0%) > Pneumocystis carinii (4.6%) > Cryptococcus neoformans (4.2%). Isolated urinary tract pathogens included Bacteriodes fragilis (77.7%), Klebsiella aerogene (69.4%), E. coli (64.8%), Proteus spp (50.5%). The occurrence of each pathogen in the various anatomical sites was statistically significant (F cal = .997; p < 0.005) indicating their possible involvement in disease causation and progression of HIV infection to AIDS.

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作为艾滋病决定性条件的机会性感染:尼日利亚东部艾滋病毒感染者案例研究

利用尿液、粪便、痰液和鼻咽分泌物，从微生物学角度调查了2199名艾滋病毒阳性尼日利亚人的机会性感染流行情况，并将其作为世卫组织艾滋病定义疾病。数据分析采用方差分析和皮尔逊卡方检验。常见的胃肠道病原菌包括非伤寒沙门氏菌(69.5%)、空肠弯曲杆菌(64.9%)、志贺氏菌(60.0);腹泻原生动物:溶组织内阿米巴(62.8%);蓝螺旋体(61.6%)，隐孢子虫(24.1%);呼吸道致病菌:肺炎链球菌(84.6%)>流感嗜血杆菌(72.8%)>航空绿脓杆菌(27.1%);真菌致病菌:白色念珠菌(65.6%)>杜波氏芽胞杆菌(54.4%)>曲霉(45.0%)>卡氏肺囊虫(4.6%)>新型隐球菌(4.2%)。分离出的尿路病原菌包括脆弱杆菌(77.7%)、产气克雷伯菌(69.4%)、大肠杆菌(64.8%)、变形杆菌(50.5%)。各病原菌在各解剖部位的发生率均有统计学意义(F cal = .997;p < 0.005)，提示它们可能参与HIV感染到艾滋病的发病和进展。

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The Internet Journal of Epidemiology

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