Heart rate variability during speed-strength load of athletes after hypoventilation training

Yuriy Vaguine, S. Klassina, N. A. Fudin
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Abstract

Objective: to study the variability of the heart rate of athletes during hypoventilation training, which provides an increase in the result of speed-strength load.Materials and methods: Athletes performed speed-strength load with their hands on a training apparatus against the background of maximum voluntary breath holding before and after hypoventilation training. The duration of breath holding, the number of power movements, parameters of heart rate variability and electromyography were measured.Results: After hypoventilation training of athletes at rest, parasympathetic influences on the heart rate increased, which led to an increase in the total power of the heart rate spectrum from 3201 ± 520 to 4047 ± 585 ms2, the power of the low frequency of the heart rate spectrum from 1458 ± 216 to 2055 ± 392 ms2 and the standard deviation of the duration of adjacent cardiac cycles from 45 ± 5 to 52 ± 4 ms. Sympathetic influences increased during exercise against the background of maximum voluntary breath holding. The longer maximum voluntary breath holding was, the more power movements the athletes performed.Conclusion: Hypoventilation training changed the vagosympathetic balance of the athletes’ body, increasing their performance and hypoxic resistance.
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低通气训练后运动员速度-力量负荷期间的心率变异性
目的:研究低通气训练中运动员心率的变异性,提供速度-力量负荷增加的结果。材料和方法:运动员在低通气训练前后以最大自主屏气为背景,用手在训练器械上进行速度-力量负荷。测定屏气时间、动力动作次数、心率变异性参数及肌电图。结果:肺换气不足训练的运动员在休息之后,副交感神经对心率的影响增加,导致增加心率的总功率谱从3201±520 - 4047±585一份,低频率的力量的心率范围从1458±216 - 2055±392一份和标准差的邻近心脏周期的持续时间从45±5 52±4 ms。在最大自主屏气的背景下,运动时交感神经影响增加。最大自主屏气时间越长,运动员的力量动作就越多。结论:低通气训练改变了运动员身体的迷走交感神经平衡,提高了运动员的运动成绩和抗缺氧能力。
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