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Response of cardiorespiratory system during maximal exercise cycle ergometer test in women cross-country skiers with different skills levels 不同技术水平的女子越野滑雪者在最大运动量循环测力计测试中心肺系统的反应
Pub Date : 2023-12-15 DOI: 10.47529/2223-2524.2023.3.6
I. Garnov, T. Loginova, E. Boyko
Objective: to estimate the functional features of the cardiorespiratory system of female cross-country skiers with different skills levels at the maximal bicycle ergometer test.Material and methods: 70 female cross-country skiers were divided into three groups. The first group included 21 cross-country skiers with first adult sporting rank, the second — 25 candidates in master of sports, the third group — 24 sport masters in cross-country skiing. Maximal exercise tests were used to determine cardiorespiratory fitness via spiroergometric system «Oxycon Pro» (Jaeger, Hoechberg, Germany).Results: The most notable differences were observed between the first-class and the masters of the sports groups. In the first-class group the heart rate during the maximal exercise test was, on average, 11 beats/min higher than in the master of sports group (p<0.05), and the oxygen consumption at the anaerobic threshold was, on average, lower by 7.7 ml/min/kg (p < 0.05) when comparing the same groups.Conclusion: The influence of skills levels on physiological parameters at maximal bicycle ergometer test was shown. The capacity in the first group occurs due to cardiovascular system tension, and the same in the group high qualification skiers happen due to the mechanisms of oxygen transport development.
材料和方法:70 名女性越野滑雪运动员被分为三组。第一组包括 21 名具有成人体育一级水平的越野滑雪运动员,第二组--25 名体育大师候选人,第三组--24 名越野滑雪体育大师。通过螺线测量系统 "Oxycon Pro"(Jaeger,Hoechberg,德国)进行最大运动量测试,以确定心肺功能:结果:观察到的最显著差异出现在一流运动组和大师运动组之间。一流组在最大运动量测试中的心率平均比体育大师组高 11 次/分(P<0.05),无氧阈值耗氧量平均比体育大师组低 7.7 毫升/分钟/公斤(P<0.05):结论:在自行车最大测力计测试中,技能水平对生理参数的影响是显而易见的。第一组的能力是由于心血管系统紧张造成的,而高水平滑雪者组的能力同样是由于氧运输发展机制造成的。
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引用次数: 0
Practical recommendations for safe reduction of body weight in combat sports: scoping review 关于在格斗运动中安全减轻体重的实用建议:范围审查
Pub Date : 2023-12-14 DOI: 10.47529/2223-2524.2023.3.7
A. G. Antonov, P. D. Rybakova, V. D. Vybornov, A. Miroshnikov, R. Khanferyan, M. Korosteleva
The presence of weight categories in martial arts requires an athlete to constantly maintain and control body weight and, in some cases, to reduce it. For this reason, it is common among martial artists to use forced methods of body weight reduction, which are often unphysiological and may have a negative impact on performance, as well as pose a danger to health. In this connection, it is of practical interest to search, analyse and introduce into practice physiological and safe methods of body weight reduction by athletes-athletes before participation in competitions. The aim of the study is to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of various methods of weight loss in athletes preparing to participate in competitions.Materials and methods: the review was conducted according to the methodology of Scoping review. Articles were selected in the domestic data-bases eLibrary and Russian State Library, using the following keywords: «методы снижения массы тела ИЛИ снижение массы тела ИЛИ весогонка» И «единоборства ИЛИ боевые виды спорта», as well as in the foreign databases ScienceDirect and PubMed, using the following keywords: «making weight OR weight loss» AND «combat sports», placed in a search depth of 15 years.Results: we found 121 studies, 3 duplicates were excluded after initial screening, 118 studies were screened for inclusion criteria, and a total of 16 studies were included in the review.Conclusion: a reduction of 5 to 10 % of body weight less than 7 days before the official weigh-in may adversely affect performance parameters and the state of the body’s functional systems. A reduction of up to 5 % of body weight 7 or more days before the official weigh-in is the safest.
武术中存在体重类别,这就要求运动员不断保持和控制体重,有时还需要减轻体重。因此,武术运动员普遍采用强制减轻体重的方法,这种方法往往不符合生理规律,可能会对成绩产生负面影响,并对健康造成危害。因此,寻找、分析和引进运动员在参加比赛前减轻体重的生理和安全方法具有现实意义。本研究的目的是评估准备参加比赛的运动员采用各种减肥方法的安全性和有效性。材料与方法:本综述按照范围综述的方法进行。在国内数据库 eLibrary 和俄罗斯国家图书馆中使用以下关键词选取文章:"методы снижения массы тела ИЛИ снижение массы тела ИЛИ весогонка" И "единоборства ИЛИ боевые виды спорта", 以及国外数据库 ScienceDirect 和 PubMed,使用以下关键词:"结果:我们找到了 121 项研究,初步筛选后排除了 3 项重复研究,根据纳入标准筛选了 118 项研究,共有 16 项研究被纳入综述。结论:在正式称重前 7 天内减少 5%至 10%的体重可能会对成绩参数和身体功能系统状态产生不利影响。在正式称重前 7 天或更早减少体重 5%是最安全的。
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引用次数: 0
Jump-to-Box exercise has an increasing effect on jumping ability in adolescents 跳箱运动对青少年跳跃能力的提高有促进作用
Pub Date : 2023-12-13 DOI: 10.47529/2223-2524.2023.3.8
H. Padang, Y. Ramba, .. Arpandjam’an, G. Kapoor
Aim: To determine the most effective dose of the box jump exercise for increasing explosive leg muscle strength in adolescents, as measured by vertical jump height.Methods: This study is a field experimental study using a randomized control group pretest-posttest design by providing different doses of jump-to-box exercise. The experiment was conducted on Buqa’tum Mubarakah Junior High School students in Makassar, Indonesia, on February 16 to August 16, 2022 and obtained a total sample size of 60 male subjects aged 15-16 years. The participants were randomly divided into four experimental groups, each consisting of 15 people who were given jump-to-box exercises with different doses.Results: The results of the ANOVA test analysis showed that training with a loading dose of 24 cm and 5 minutes duration had a significant effect on increasing leg muscle explosive power with a p-value = 0.005. The other three groups did not show statistically significant improvements in jump height.Conclusion: The jump-to-box exercise with the box height of 24 cm and training duration of 5 minutes resulted in the highest average vertical jumping ability compared to other dose groups. This exercise protocol has an optimal effect on vertical jumping ability and limb explosive power in adolescents compared to other protocols.
目的:确定跳箱运动对增强青少年腿部爆发力(以垂直跳跃高度为衡量标准)最有效的剂量:本研究是一项实地实验研究,采用随机对照组前测后测设计,提供不同剂量的跳箱练习。实验于 2022 年 2 月 16 日至 8 月 16 日在印度尼西亚望加锡的 Buqa'tum Mubarakah 初中学生中进行,共获得 60 名 15-16 岁男性受试者的样本量。受试者被随机分为四个实验组,每组 15 人,分别进行不同剂量的跳箱练习:方差分析结果表明,负荷剂量为 24 厘米、持续时间为 5 分钟的训练对提高腿部肌肉爆发力有显著效果,P 值=0.005。其他三组在跳高方面的提高没有统计学意义:结论:与其他剂量组相比,箱体高度为 24 厘米、训练时间为 5 分钟的跳箱练习可获得最高的平均垂直跳跃能力。与其他方案相比,该训练方案对青少年的纵跳能力和肢体爆发力具有最佳效果。
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引用次数: 0
Changes in the oxidative-antioxidant status of blood in freestyle wrestlers under the influence of physical exertion 自由式摔跤运动员在体力消耗影响下血液氧化-抗氧化状态的变化
Pub Date : 2023-12-12 DOI: 10.47529/2223-2524.2023.3.9
N. Kurashova, A. A. Yureva, I. Gutnik, L. Grebenkina, A. Labygina, L. Kolesnikova
Purpose of the study: to evaluate the “lipid peroxidation-antioxidant protection” system in freestyle wrestlers under the influence of intense physical activity in order to identify the nature of oxidative processes and the antioxidant status of the athletes’ body.Materials and methods: the study involved athletes — freestyle wrestlers, boys 18–22 years old, with sports qualifications: candidate master of sports or master of sports, regularly involved in freestyle wrestling. The control group consisted of students who did not have a sports category and were not involved in sports activities, comparable in gender, age, weight category with the comparison group.  The material for the study was plasma and red blood cells. Blood sampling from athletes was carried out twice, at the end of the preparatory and competitive periods, in the morning, on an empty stomach from the ulnar vein, in accordance with generally accepted requirements. Components of lipid peroxidation and antioxidant defense were determined using spectrophotometric and fluorometric methods.Results: it was found that in athletes after intense physical activity (competitive period), there is a significantly significant decrease in substrates with double bonds by 61 %, primary products by 59 % and intermediate products by 44 %, an increase in the final products of lipid peroxidation by 25 % against the background of inhibition activity of antioxidant protection components: retinol by 40 %, superoxide dismutase by 7 % and reduced glutathione by 11 %.Conclusion: The level of free radical processes increases during physical activity due to the accumulation of oxygen in organs and tissues, and depends on the intensity and duration of the exercise. In the course of the study, it was established that the preparatory and competitive periods, in comparison with the control group, among freestyle wrestlers, depending on the previous level of physical activity, are characterized by activation of lipid peroxidation processes and inhibition of enzymatic and non-enzymatic components of antioxidant protection. The established changes are recommended to be taken into account when conducting comprehensive rehabilitation of athletes, when developing recommendations for improving the training process, as well as when using antioxidant complexes for athletes aimed at restoring various parts of the body’s antioxidant defense.
研究目的:评估自由式摔跤运动员在剧烈运动影响下的 "脂质过氧化-抗氧化保护 "系统,以确定氧化过程的性质和运动员机体的抗氧化状态。研究材料和方法:研究对象为运动员--自由式摔跤运动员,男生,18-22 岁,运动资格:候选体育硕士或体育硕士,经常参加自由式摔跤。对照组由没有体育专业、不参加体育活动的学生组成,他们的性别、年龄、体重与对比组相当。 研究材料为血浆和红细胞。按照公认的要求,运动员的血液采样分两次进行,分别在准备期和竞技期结束后的早晨空腹从尺静脉进行。采用分光光度法和荧光测定法对脂质过氧化和抗氧化保护成分进行了测定。结果发现,运动员在进行剧烈运动(竞技期)后,双键底物显著减少 61%,初级产物减少 59%,中间产物减少 44%,脂质过氧化最终产物增加 25%,而抗氧化保护成分(视黄醇减少 40%,超氧化物歧化酶减少 7%,还原型谷胱甘肽减少 11%)的活性受到抑制:结论:在体育锻炼过程中,由于氧在器官和组织中的积累,自由基过程的水平会增加,这取决于锻炼的强度和持续时间。在研究过程中发现,与对照组相比,自由式摔跤运动员的准备期和竞技期(取决于之前的运动水平)的特点是脂质过氧化过程被激活,抗氧化保护的酶和非酶成分受到抑制。建议在对运动员进行全面康复时、在制定改善训练过程的建议时、以及在为运动员使用旨在恢复身体各部分抗氧化防御的抗氧化复合物时,考虑已确定的变化。
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引用次数: 0
The effect of voluntary hypoventilation in yoga breathing exercises on gas exchange and EEG activity in healthy trained subjects 瑜伽呼吸练习中的自愿低通气对健康受训者气体交换和脑电图活动的影响
Pub Date : 2023-12-08 DOI: 10.47529/2223-2524.2023.3.5
A. V. Frolov, J. A. Boytsova, S. Ermolaeva, M. D. Didur
Objective: to assess the effect of voluntary hypoventilation during yoga breathing exercises on gas exchange and EEG activity in a group of healthy, trained practitioners.Materials and methods: 25 volunteers (21 men and 4 women, average age 42.96 ± 9.19 years) performed hypoventilation yoga exercises with a decrease in respiratory rate to 1–1.5 times/minute. Registration of respiratory rate, tidal volume and minute volume of breathing, gas analysis of exhaled air (PetCO2, FeO2) and spectral analysis of electroencephalogram (EEG) in gICA model were carried out during breathing with a frequency of 1–1.5 times/minute and during relatively free breathing with mental calculation.Results: Breathing with a frequency of 1–1.5 times/minute causes a decrease in minute volume of breathing, the development of alveolar hypoxia and hypercapnia, which leads to an increase in the power of some local components in the slow delta, theta and alpha EEG bands. In addition, breathing with a frequency of 1–1.5 times/minute is accompanied by a decrease in the alpha- and beta-power of some components, the sources of which are located in the motor areas of the cortex, but is also accompanied by an increase in the power of components with widespread scalp topography in beta and gamma bands.Conclusion: Voluntary hypoventilation during yoga breathing exercises leads to the development of alveolar hypoxia and hypercapnia, accompanied by an increase in the power of local components in the slow EEG bands. At the same time, the alpha and beta powers of components localized in the motor areas of the cortex decrease, which may be a consequence of muscle tension during slow breathing.
材料和方法:25 名志愿者(21 名男性和 4 名女性,平均年龄 42.96 ± 9.19 岁)进行了呼吸频率降至 1-1.5 次/分钟的低通气瑜伽练习。在频率为 1-1.5 次/分钟的呼吸过程中和相对自由的呼吸过程中,对呼吸频率、潮气量和每分钟呼吸量进行了记录,对呼出的空气进行了气体分析(PetCO2、FeO2),并在 gICA 模型中对脑电图(EEG)进行了频谱分析:结果:频率为 1-1.5 次/分钟的呼吸会导致分钟呼吸量减少、肺泡缺氧和高碳酸血症的发生,从而导致脑电图慢三角波段、θ 波段和α 波段中某些局部成分的功率增加。此外,频率为 1-1.5 次/分钟的呼吸会导致某些成分的阿尔法和贝塔功率下降,这些成分的来源位于大脑皮层的运动区,但同时也会导致贝塔和伽马波段中具有广泛头皮地形的成分功率增加:结论:瑜伽呼吸练习时的自主低通气会导致肺泡缺氧和高碳酸血症,并伴随着脑电图慢波段局部成分功率的增加。同时,大脑皮层运动区局部成分的阿尔法和贝塔功率下降,这可能是慢速呼吸时肌肉紧张的结果。
{"title":"The effect of voluntary hypoventilation in yoga breathing exercises on gas exchange and EEG activity in healthy trained subjects","authors":"A. V. Frolov, J. A. Boytsova, S. Ermolaeva, M. D. Didur","doi":"10.47529/2223-2524.2023.3.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47529/2223-2524.2023.3.5","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: to assess the effect of voluntary hypoventilation during yoga breathing exercises on gas exchange and EEG activity in a group of healthy, trained practitioners.Materials and methods: 25 volunteers (21 men and 4 women, average age 42.96 ± 9.19 years) performed hypoventilation yoga exercises with a decrease in respiratory rate to 1–1.5 times/minute. Registration of respiratory rate, tidal volume and minute volume of breathing, gas analysis of exhaled air (PetCO2, FeO2) and spectral analysis of electroencephalogram (EEG) in gICA model were carried out during breathing with a frequency of 1–1.5 times/minute and during relatively free breathing with mental calculation.Results: Breathing with a frequency of 1–1.5 times/minute causes a decrease in minute volume of breathing, the development of alveolar hypoxia and hypercapnia, which leads to an increase in the power of some local components in the slow delta, theta and alpha EEG bands. In addition, breathing with a frequency of 1–1.5 times/minute is accompanied by a decrease in the alpha- and beta-power of some components, the sources of which are located in the motor areas of the cortex, but is also accompanied by an increase in the power of components with widespread scalp topography in beta and gamma bands.Conclusion: Voluntary hypoventilation during yoga breathing exercises leads to the development of alveolar hypoxia and hypercapnia, accompanied by an increase in the power of local components in the slow EEG bands. At the same time, the alpha and beta powers of components localized in the motor areas of the cortex decrease, which may be a consequence of muscle tension during slow breathing.","PeriodicalId":309619,"journal":{"name":"Sports medicine: research and practice","volume":"38 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139185313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The influence of walking in an exoskeleton on rehabilitation of patients with spinal cord injury consequences 穿戴外骨骼行走对脊髓损伤患者康复后果的影响
Pub Date : 2023-11-21 DOI: 10.47529/2223-2524.2023.3.2
M. A. Gvozdareva, L. A. Shpagina, N. P. Kareva, E. V. Kuropatova, V. Rerikh
Objective: to substantiate the expediency of including training walking in an exoskeleton in the complex rehabilitation of patients with severe motor dysfunctions of the lower limbs due to spinal cord injury (SCI).Methods: 120 patients (84 men and 36 women, age 37.1 ± 8.40 years) with the consequences of SCI at the level of thoracic and lumbar spine who were in the hospital at the second stage of medical rehabilitation were examined. The duration of injury ranged from 1 year to 19 years (77.8 ± 4.05 months). All patients were divided into two groups (80 and 40 patients), comparable by sex, age, duration and severity of injury. Training walking in exoskeleton have been added in the group I rehabilitation program. ASIA, SCIM III scales and SF-36 quality of life questionnaire were used to evaluate the effectiveness of the rehabilitation measures.Results: there was an increase in the total score on SCIM III by 3.20 ± 0.50 (p = 0.05) in group I, which indicates an increase in the level of functioning and daily activity of patients. Positive dynamics was revealed when assessing the quality of life using SF-36 questionnaire: sum index reflecting the psychological component of health increased from 56,0 to 59,5 points (p = 0,05). Group II also showed positive dynamics of the analyzed indicators, but the changes by the end of the rehabilitation course were not statistically significant.Conclusion: the use of exoskeleton training walking at the second stage of medical rehabilitation increases the effectiveness of rehabilitation measures and improves the quality of life of patients with severe motor dysfunctions of the lower limbs due to spinal cord injury (SCI).
目的:证实在脊髓损伤(SCI)导致的下肢严重运动功能障碍患者的综合康复中加入外骨骼行走训练的有效性。方法:研究对象为120名(84名男性,36名女性,年龄(37.1±8.40)岁)胸椎和腰椎水平SCI后遗症患者,他们在医院接受了第二阶段的医疗康复。受伤时间从 1 年到 19 年不等(77.8 ± 4.05 个月)。所有患者按性别、年龄、受伤时间和严重程度分为两组(80 人和 40 人),具有可比性。第一组康复计划中增加了穿着外骨骼行走的训练。结果:第一组患者的 SCIM III 总分增加了 3.20 ± 0.50(P = 0.05),这表明患者的功能和日常活动水平有所提高。使用 SF-36 问卷评估生活质量时也显示出积极的动态:反映健康心理成分的总指数从 56.0 分增加到 59.5 分(p = 0.05)。结论:在医疗康复的第二阶段使用外骨骼训练行走可提高康复措施的有效性,改善脊髓损伤(SCI)导致下肢严重运动功能障碍患者的生活质量。
{"title":"The influence of walking in an exoskeleton on rehabilitation of patients with spinal cord injury consequences","authors":"M. A. Gvozdareva, L. A. Shpagina, N. P. Kareva, E. V. Kuropatova, V. Rerikh","doi":"10.47529/2223-2524.2023.3.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47529/2223-2524.2023.3.2","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: to substantiate the expediency of including training walking in an exoskeleton in the complex rehabilitation of patients with severe motor dysfunctions of the lower limbs due to spinal cord injury (SCI).Methods: 120 patients (84 men and 36 women, age 37.1 ± 8.40 years) with the consequences of SCI at the level of thoracic and lumbar spine who were in the hospital at the second stage of medical rehabilitation were examined. The duration of injury ranged from 1 year to 19 years (77.8 ± 4.05 months). All patients were divided into two groups (80 and 40 patients), comparable by sex, age, duration and severity of injury. Training walking in exoskeleton have been added in the group I rehabilitation program. ASIA, SCIM III scales and SF-36 quality of life questionnaire were used to evaluate the effectiveness of the rehabilitation measures.Results: there was an increase in the total score on SCIM III by 3.20 ± 0.50 (p = 0.05) in group I, which indicates an increase in the level of functioning and daily activity of patients. Positive dynamics was revealed when assessing the quality of life using SF-36 questionnaire: sum index reflecting the psychological component of health increased from 56,0 to 59,5 points (p = 0,05). Group II also showed positive dynamics of the analyzed indicators, but the changes by the end of the rehabilitation course were not statistically significant.Conclusion: the use of exoskeleton training walking at the second stage of medical rehabilitation increases the effectiveness of rehabilitation measures and improves the quality of life of patients with severe motor dysfunctions of the lower limbs due to spinal cord injury (SCI).","PeriodicalId":309619,"journal":{"name":"Sports medicine: research and practice","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139254558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Comparison of the “core stability” tests results among elite athletes 精英运动员 "核心稳定性 "测试结果比较
Pub Date : 2023-11-20 DOI: 10.47529/2223-2524.2023.3.3
R. I. Aliev
Objective: to compare the results of endurance, strength and functional status of spine stabilisers muscles (core stability) obtained by testing national teams athletes of different sports.Materials and methods: 71 male athletes (judokas, boxers, cyclists and wrestlers) aged 18–25 years participated in this study. Athletes were asked to perform «Motor Control test» in static and dynamic mode and three trial attempts were given to be familiar with test.Results: cyclists were found to have the highest overall scores in both static and dynamic modes, but the results for different spatial parameters differ. Statistically significant differences were found when comparing the following core stability indicators: «Forward (static mode)», «Back (dynamic mode)», «Left (static mode)», «Forward-left (static mode), «Forward-right (dynamic mode)», «Back-left (static mode)», «Back-left (dynamic mode)», «Back-right (dynamic mode)».Conclusion. The cycling requires more core stability than boxing, wrestling and judo, but further investigations and larger samples of athletes are needed.
材料与方法:71 名 18-25 岁的男性运动员(柔道运动员、拳击运动员、自行车运动员和摔跤运动员)参加了本研究。要求运动员在静态和动态模式下进行 "运动控制测试",并进行三次尝试以熟悉测试。在比较以下核心稳定性指标时,发现了统计学上的重大差异:静态模式)"、"动态模式)"、"静态模式)"、"静态模式)"、"动态模式)"、"动态模式)"、"静态模式)"、"动态模式)"、"动态模式)"、"动态模式)"。与拳击、摔跤和柔道相比,自行车运动对核心稳定性的要求更高,但还需要进一步的调查和更多的运动员样本。
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引用次数: 0
Dependence of the severity of pain in the lower back and degenerative changes in the lumbar spine in skydivers depending on the experience of training 跳伞运动员腰部疼痛和腰椎退行性变化的严重程度取决于训练经验
Pub Date : 2023-11-17 DOI: 10.47529/2223-2524.2023.3.4
A. S. Arapov, A. L. Gudim, M. V. Shpagin
Purpose of the study: to assess risk factors for the development of nonspecific back pain syndrome in skydivers.Materials and methods: A single-center, prospective, non-randomized study included 173 men aged 25 to 55 years who had been followed up with low back pain for 1 to 5 years. The main group included 89 people involved in parachuting (experience from 5 to 20 years, number of jumps — 276 (167; 387) times), the comparison group — 84 patients who had never jumped with a parachute. Depending on the total number of jumps, the main group was divided into 2 subgroups: less than 198 (n = 29) and more than 198 parachute jumps (n = 60). All patients underwent clinical neurological examination and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the spine. MRI was used to quantify the presence of disc tissue displacements, the presence of straightening lordosis, and spondylolisthesis. Statistical processing of the obtained data was carried out using the IBM SPSS Statistics 25 program.Results: a correlation was established between the appearance of disc tissue displacement in the spine according to MRI and the number of parachute jumps in the main group (r = 0.430; p < 0.001). The indicated pathological changes in the spine in paratroopers occurred when the total number of jumps was 198 or more. Among parachutists of the main group, displacement of disc tissue in the spine correlated with the level of pain intensity (r = 0.337; p < 0.001) and the degree of functional impairment according to the results of the questionnaires Oswestry (r = 0.325; p < 0.001) and Roland Morris (r = 0.292; p < 0.001). The highest rate of pain syndrome and degree of disability was in the subgroup of paratroopers with extensive experience (p < 0.05), while other groups of patients had no differences in this indicator.Conclusions: in skydiving athletes, the intensity of pain in the lower back and the degree of degenerative-dystrophic changes depended on the number of parachute jumps.
研究目的:评估跳伞运动员患非特异性背痛综合征的风险因素:这是一项单中心、前瞻性、非随机研究,研究对象包括 173 名年龄在 25 至 55 岁之间的男性,他们都曾因腰痛接受过 1 至 5 年的随访。主研究组包括 89 名参与跳伞运动的人员(经验为 5 至 20 年,跳伞次数为 276 (167; 387) 次),对比组包括 84 名从未跳过伞的患者。根据跳伞总次数,主组被分为两个亚组:跳伞次数少于 198 次(29 人)和超过 198 次(60 人)。所有患者均接受了临床神经系统检查和脊柱磁共振成像(MRI)检查。核磁共振成像用于量化是否存在椎间盘组织移位、是否存在伸直前凸和脊柱滑脱。结果:核磁共振成像显示脊柱中出现椎间盘组织移位与主要群体的跳伞次数之间存在相关性(r = 0.430; p < 0.001)。当跳伞总次数达到或超过 198 次时,伞兵的脊柱就会出现明显的病理变化。根据奥斯韦特里(r = 0.325;p < 0.001)和罗兰-莫里斯(r = 0.292;p < 0.001)问卷调查结果,主要组伞兵脊柱椎间盘组织移位与疼痛强度(r = 0.337;p < 0.001)和功能障碍程度相关。结论:在跳伞运动员中,腰背部疼痛的强度和退行性-萎缩性变化的程度取决于跳伞次数。
{"title":"Dependence of the severity of pain in the lower back and degenerative changes in the lumbar spine in skydivers depending on the experience of training","authors":"A. S. Arapov, A. L. Gudim, M. V. Shpagin","doi":"10.47529/2223-2524.2023.3.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47529/2223-2524.2023.3.4","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of the study: to assess risk factors for the development of nonspecific back pain syndrome in skydivers.Materials and methods: A single-center, prospective, non-randomized study included 173 men aged 25 to 55 years who had been followed up with low back pain for 1 to 5 years. The main group included 89 people involved in parachuting (experience from 5 to 20 years, number of jumps — 276 (167; 387) times), the comparison group — 84 patients who had never jumped with a parachute. Depending on the total number of jumps, the main group was divided into 2 subgroups: less than 198 (n = 29) and more than 198 parachute jumps (n = 60). All patients underwent clinical neurological examination and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the spine. MRI was used to quantify the presence of disc tissue displacements, the presence of straightening lordosis, and spondylolisthesis. Statistical processing of the obtained data was carried out using the IBM SPSS Statistics 25 program.Results: a correlation was established between the appearance of disc tissue displacement in the spine according to MRI and the number of parachute jumps in the main group (r = 0.430; p < 0.001). The indicated pathological changes in the spine in paratroopers occurred when the total number of jumps was 198 or more. Among parachutists of the main group, displacement of disc tissue in the spine correlated with the level of pain intensity (r = 0.337; p < 0.001) and the degree of functional impairment according to the results of the questionnaires Oswestry (r = 0.325; p < 0.001) and Roland Morris (r = 0.292; p < 0.001). The highest rate of pain syndrome and degree of disability was in the subgroup of paratroopers with extensive experience (p < 0.05), while other groups of patients had no differences in this indicator.Conclusions: in skydiving athletes, the intensity of pain in the lower back and the degree of degenerative-dystrophic changes depended on the number of parachute jumps.","PeriodicalId":309619,"journal":{"name":"Sports medicine: research and practice","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139266028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Cardiovascular Effects of Anabolic-Androgenic Steroids in Dietary Supplements 膳食补充剂中合成代谢类固醇对心血管的影响
Pub Date : 2023-11-11 DOI: 10.47529/2223-2524.2023.2.11
P. Van der Bijl, P. Van der Bijl (Jr)
Dietary supplements are regularly consumed by more than 70 % of the US population, as well as by competitive and non-competitive athletes. Anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS) are frequently found in dietary supplements, and have the potential for multi-organ toxicity, including significant effects on the cardiovascular system. Cardiovascular toxicities of AAS include coronary artery effects, e.g. spasm, thrombosis and plaque rupture, leading to acute coronary syndromes and myocardial infarctions, as well as direct myocardial toxicity, causing left ventricular hypertrophy, fibrosis and dysfunction. Coronary and myocardial effects converge towards a common final pathway, causing heart failure, life-threatening arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death. The unregulated nature of AAS in dietary supplements has many ramifications. Both coaches and athletes should be aware that testing positive for a prohibited substance (including AAS) constitutes a potential doping violation. We advocate for improved education of the public at large regarding the potential for AAS to be included in dietary supplements, as well as its regulation by the appropriate authorities.
超过 70% 的美国人以及竞技和非竞技运动员经常食用膳食补充剂。合成代谢雄性类固醇(AAS)经常出现在膳食补充剂中,有可能造成多器官中毒,包括对心血管系统产生重大影响。AAS 的心血管毒性包括对冠状动脉的影响,如痉挛、血栓形成和斑块破裂,导致急性冠状动脉综合征和心肌梗塞,以及直接的心肌毒性,造成左心室肥大、纤维化和功能障碍。冠状动脉和心肌的效应汇聚成一个共同的最终途径,导致心力衰竭、危及生命的心律失常和心脏性猝死。膳食补充剂中的合成类兴奋剂不受管制,会产生许多影响。教练员和运动员都应认识到,禁用物质(包括 AAS)检测呈阳性反应可能构成违规使用兴奋剂。我们主张加强对广大公众的教育,让他们了解膳食补充剂中可能含有 AAS,并由相关部门对其进行监管。
{"title":"Cardiovascular Effects of Anabolic-Androgenic Steroids in Dietary Supplements","authors":"P. Van der Bijl, P. Van der Bijl (Jr)","doi":"10.47529/2223-2524.2023.2.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47529/2223-2524.2023.2.11","url":null,"abstract":"Dietary supplements are regularly consumed by more than 70 % of the US population, as well as by competitive and non-competitive athletes. Anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS) are frequently found in dietary supplements, and have the potential for multi-organ toxicity, including significant effects on the cardiovascular system. Cardiovascular toxicities of AAS include coronary artery effects, e.g. spasm, thrombosis and plaque rupture, leading to acute coronary syndromes and myocardial infarctions, as well as direct myocardial toxicity, causing left ventricular hypertrophy, fibrosis and dysfunction. Coronary and myocardial effects converge towards a common final pathway, causing heart failure, life-threatening arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death. The unregulated nature of AAS in dietary supplements has many ramifications. Both coaches and athletes should be aware that testing positive for a prohibited substance (including AAS) constitutes a potential doping violation. We advocate for improved education of the public at large regarding the potential for AAS to be included in dietary supplements, as well as its regulation by the appropriate authorities.","PeriodicalId":309619,"journal":{"name":"Sports medicine: research and practice","volume":"93 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139279883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Influence of the transferred coronavirus infection on diseases of the endocrine system in athletes 转移性冠状病毒感染对运动员内分泌系统疾病的影响
Pub Date : 2023-11-11 DOI: 10.47529/2223-2524.2023.2.12
E. Tenyaeva, E. A. Turova, V. A. Badtieva, E. O. Okonkwo
Purpose: to study the effect of the transferred viral (on the example of COVID‑19) infection on the endocrine system of athletes.Materials and methods: the data of 1114 athletes (average age 22.23 ± 4.18 years) who underwent in‑depth medical examination in the period 2021–2022 were analyzed. The examination included an analysis of sports and infectious anamnesis, the results of hormonal, biochemical and instrumental studies.Results: coronavirus infection was suffered by the majority of athletes — 724 people (65 %) — in the vast majority of cases (91 %), their disease was asymptomatic or mild. 390 athletes (35 %) had no history of infection. There was a significant increase in the incidence of hypothyroidism, thyrotoxicosis, insulin‑dependent diabetes mellitus, autoimmune thyroiditis among athletes who had a coronavirus infection when compared with athletes who were not ill. The development of endocrine diseases did not depend on the severity of the infection and was most often detected with its mild and asymptomatic course. During the examination, six cases of newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes mellitus and eight cases of thyrotoxicosis were detected among athletes who had a coronavirus infection. The development of these conditions did not depend on the severity of the infection. At the same time, only 1 case of thyrotoxicosis was registered in athletes who were not ill, no new cases of type 1 diabetes mellitus were diagnosed. In the present study, no association was found between the transmitted coronavirus infection and an increase in the number of cases of nodular goiter, hyperprolactinemia and type 2 diabetes mellitus.Conclusion: the results of the study showed that in the long‑term period after COVID‑19, autoimmune endocrine diseases, such as primary hypothyroidism, diffuse‑toxic goiter with thyrotoxicosis, autoimmune thyroiditis, type 1 diabetes mellitus, were significantly more often manifested in athletes, which is probably associated with a cross‑lesion of autoimmunity against a background of viral infection.
目的:研究病毒(以 COVID-19 为例)转移感染对运动员内分泌系统的影响。材料与方法:分析了 2021-2022 年期间接受深入体检的 1114 名运动员(平均年龄 22.23±4.18 岁)的数据。检查内容包括运动和传染病病史分析、激素、生化和仪器检查结果。结果:大多数运动员--724 人(65%)--感染了冠状病毒,其中绝大多数病例(91%)无症状或症状轻微。390名运动员(35%)没有感染史。与未感染冠状病毒的运动员相比,感染冠状病毒的运动员中甲状腺功能减退症、甲状腺毒症、胰岛素依赖型糖尿病、自身免疫性甲状腺炎的发病率明显增加。内分泌疾病的发生并不取决于感染的严重程度,最常见的是在轻微和无症状的过程中被发现。检查期间,在感染冠状病毒的运动员中发现了 6 例新诊断的 1 型糖尿病和 8 例甲亢。这些病症的发生与感染的严重程度无关。与此同时,在未患病的运动员中只发现了 1 例甲状腺毒症,没有发现新的 1 型糖尿病病例。在本研究中,没有发现传播性冠状病毒感染与结节性甲状腺肿、高泌乳素血症和 2 型糖尿病病例数增加之间存在关联。结论:研究结果表明,在COVID-19之后的长期时期内,原发性甲状腺功能减退、弥漫毒性甲状腺肿伴甲状腺毒症、自身免疫性甲状腺炎、1型糖尿病等自身免疫性内分泌疾病在运动员中的表现明显增多,这可能与病毒感染背景下的自身免疫交叉感染有关。
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Sports medicine: research and practice
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