[Age estimation by amino acid racemization in teeth. A comparison of data for aspartic acid, glutamic acid and alanine].

H Sugeno
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Abstract

On the age estimation by the amino acid racemization analysis of dentin, besides the utilization of aspartic acid (Asp) as described in earlier reports, we further studied relationships between the D/L ratios based on glutamic acid (Glu) as well as alanine (Ala) and actual ages. The study was followed up by comparing racemization velocities of the three amino acids under some heating experiments. At four steps (6, 24, 48 and 72 hours) of hydrolysis, the coefficient values of D/L ratio of each amino acid and actual age were calculated as 0.986 to 0.994 for Asp, 0.522 to 0.806 for Glu, and 0.577 to 0.737 for Ala. The data indicate that Asp gives an extremely good result. Glu and Ala do provide reliable D/L ratios, however they are not in proportion to actual ages. Consequently, Glu and Ala seem to be much less suitable for utilization in age estimation. Reaction rate constants (k.yr-1) of racemization of Asp, Glu and Ala in antemortem teeth were 5.3825 x 10(-4), 5.1000 x 10(-5) and 2.3875 x 10(-5), respectively. Those in teeth left drying at 15 degrees C were 2.4850 x 10(-8), 1.9119 x 10(-9), and 1.11450 x 10(-9), respectively. Assuming that the reaction velocity of Asp be 1 in both living and dry states, that of Glu were calculated as 0.09 and 0.08, that of Ala, 0.04 and 0.05, indicating very similar rates. The result confirmed that both Glu and Ala gave considerably slow racemization velocities as compared with Asp.

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牙齿中氨基酸外消旋作用的年龄估计。天冬氨酸、谷氨酸和丙氨酸的数据比较[j]。
在牙本质氨基酸消旋分析的年龄估计上,除了前面报道的利用天冬氨酸(Asp)外,我们进一步研究了基于谷氨酸(Glu)和丙氨酸(Ala)的D/L比值与实际年龄之间的关系。在加热实验中比较了三种氨基酸的外消旋速度。在水解6、24、48、72 h时,各氨基酸的D/L比值与实际年龄的系数值分别为:Asp为0.986 ~ 0.994,Glu为0.522 ~ 0.806,Ala为0.577 ~ 0.737。数据表明Asp给出了非常好的结果。Glu和Ala确实提供了可靠的D/L比率,但它们与实际年龄不成比例。因此,Glu和Ala似乎不太适合用于年龄估计。Asp、Glu和Ala在生牙中外消旋的反应速率常数(k -1)分别为5.3825 × 10(-4)、5.1000 × 10(-5)和2.3875 × 10(-5)。在15℃下干燥的牙齿分别为2.4850 × 10(-8)、1.9119 × 10(-9)和1.11450 × 10(-9)。假设Asp在活态和干态下的反应速度均为1,则计算出Glu的反应速度分别为0.09和0.08,Ala的反应速度分别为0.04和0.05,两者的反应速度非常接近。结果证实,与Asp相比,Glu和Ala的外消旋速度都相当慢。
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