Er det forskningsmessig støtte for at oppmerksomt nærvær hjelper ved rusproblemer?

Abstract

Can mindfulness be of help in coping with substance abuse? We searched the literature with three questions in mind: Is substance abuse reduced after mindfulness-based interventions, and are they well received and safe? Selecting published studies of change in substance abuse (not including tobacco) we found 15 studies; eight of these were randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Thirteen studies reported that mindfulness-based interventions were helpful in reducing substance use. Two studies raised the question of tolerability of the intervention, and reported no adverse effects. Stringent standards for design and sample size were seldom met. We conclude that mindfulness-based interventions for substance-abuse are feasible and promising. Among the unresolved questions are the long-term durability of effects, which program components are responsible for the observed effects and how mindfulness is best integrated with other approaches. Keywords: mindfulness, review, substance-dependence