Joanna Barbara Baluszek, Siri Wiig, Kai Victor Myrnes-Hansen, K. Brønnick
Background: Video consultations in healthcare are remote solutions for delivering assessments and treatments to patients. The acceptance and use of video consultations may depend on self-efficacy among healthcare practitioners. Measuring self-efficacy in providing video consultations may identify individuals with insufficient self-efficacy and enable targeted interventions and support. No valid and reliable scale was available for measuring self-efficacy in the Norwegian context. Therefore, our aim was to develop (Study 1) and validate (Study 2) a new research-based video consultation self-efficacy scale for Norwegian practitioners in specialized healthcare. Method: In Study 1, we developed preliminary scale items, based on results from a systematic review. These items were subjected to experts’ opinions in a modified Delphi method-based study. The experts also suggested additional items. These results were then used in developing an initial video consultation self-efficacy scale. In Study 2, this scale was validated in a questionnaire study. Reliability was examined by using item analysis and Cronbach’s alpha (internal consistency). Construct validity was examined by using exploratory factor analysis and Spearman’s correlation (convergent and divergent validity). Results: In Study 1, a total of 56 scale items were considered, and resulted in a preliminary 15-item scale. In Study 2, item analysis and exploratory factor analysis resulted in a unidimensional 12-item video consultation self-efficacy scale. Cronbach’s alpha (internal consistency) was (α) = .974. The Spearman’s correlations showed a moderate positive correlation between the 12-item scale and the Digital Competence Questionnaire, a weak positive correlation between the 12-item scale and the General Self-Efficacy Scale, and a weak positive correlation between the 12-item scale and the WHO-5 Well-Being Index. These results suggest that the scale is a reliable and valid measure for assessing practitioners’ self-efficacy in providing video consultations to patients in specialized healthcare. Implications: We recommend further, more comprehensive, validation of the scale in different contexts in Norwegian specialized healthcare, such as in different clinical specialties and with larger samples. Keywords: development and validation, self-efficacy scale, specialized healthcare, practitioners, video consultation
{"title":"Development and validation of the 12-item video consultation self-efficacy scale","authors":"Joanna Barbara Baluszek, Siri Wiig, Kai Victor Myrnes-Hansen, K. Brønnick","doi":"10.52734/tnpf.2023-0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52734/tnpf.2023-0007","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Video consultations in healthcare are remote solutions for delivering assessments and treatments to patients. The acceptance and use of video consultations may depend on self-efficacy among healthcare practitioners. Measuring self-efficacy in providing video consultations may identify individuals with insufficient self-efficacy and enable targeted interventions and support. No valid and reliable scale was available for measuring self-efficacy in the Norwegian context. Therefore, our aim was to develop (Study 1) and validate (Study 2) a new research-based video consultation self-efficacy scale for Norwegian practitioners in specialized healthcare. Method: In Study 1, we developed preliminary scale items, based on results from a systematic review. These items were subjected to experts’ opinions in a modified Delphi method-based study. The experts also suggested additional items. These results were then used in developing an initial video consultation self-efficacy scale. In Study 2, this scale was validated in a questionnaire study. Reliability was examined by using item analysis and Cronbach’s alpha (internal consistency). Construct validity was examined by using exploratory factor analysis and Spearman’s correlation (convergent and divergent validity). Results: In Study 1, a total of 56 scale items were considered, and resulted in a preliminary 15-item scale. In Study 2, item analysis and exploratory factor analysis resulted in a unidimensional 12-item video consultation self-efficacy scale. Cronbach’s alpha (internal consistency) was (α) = .974. The Spearman’s correlations showed a moderate positive correlation between the 12-item scale and the Digital Competence Questionnaire, a weak positive correlation between the 12-item scale and the General Self-Efficacy Scale, and a weak positive correlation between the 12-item scale and the WHO-5 Well-Being Index. These results suggest that the scale is a reliable and valid measure for assessing practitioners’ self-efficacy in providing video consultations to patients in specialized healthcare. Implications: We recommend further, more comprehensive, validation of the scale in different contexts in Norwegian specialized healthcare, such as in different clinical specialties and with larger samples. Keywords: development and validation, self-efficacy scale, specialized healthcare, practitioners, video consultation","PeriodicalId":344686,"journal":{"name":"Tidsskrift for Norsk psykologforening","volume":"251 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141692567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The present study describes the construction of a new inventory that measures parenting style on five independent dimensions: 1) Empathic communication; 2) Authoritarian leadership; 3) Valuation/compassion; 4) Avoidant leadership and 5) Mentalization. Existing models and inventories do not capture the same breadth and complexity of parenting skills as the present form. This inventory could potentially give a more nuanced picture of the individual’s parenting style and a more accurate indication of relevant areas of development. The results from our exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis with two different parent samples (n = 592 individual parents) revealed that the five-factor structure demonstrated a significant model fit of the five parental dimensions. The results of the project so far provide a good foundation for further standardization and investigation of reliability and validity. Keywords: inventory, emotion-focused, parenting style, factor analysis
{"title":"Kartlegging av foreldrestil: et spørreskjema for empatibasert, følelsesbevisst foreldrekompetanse","authors":"Øyvind Fallmyr, Olaf Lund, Jens Egeland","doi":"10.52734/tbch7101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52734/tbch7101","url":null,"abstract":"The present study describes the construction of a new inventory that measures parenting style on five independent dimensions: 1) Empathic communication; 2) Authoritarian leadership; 3) Valuation/compassion; 4) Avoidant leadership and 5) Mentalization. Existing models and inventories do not capture the same breadth and complexity of parenting skills as the present form. This inventory could potentially give a more nuanced picture of the individual’s parenting style and a more accurate indication of relevant areas of development. The results from our exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis with two different parent samples (n = 592 individual parents) revealed that the five-factor structure demonstrated a significant model fit of the five parental dimensions. The results of the project so far provide a good foundation for further standardization and investigation of reliability and validity. Keywords: inventory, emotion-focused, parenting style, factor analysis","PeriodicalId":344686,"journal":{"name":"Tidsskrift for Norsk psykologforening","volume":"33 20","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140375384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
To minimise errors linked to witness statements in criminal cases, it is crucial that justice system participants possess knowledge about the factors affecting eyewitness reliability. Previous research has explored the understanding of eyewitness factors among Norwegian judges, psychologists, jury members and civilians. However, no studies have examined such knowledge among police professionals, who are responsible for collecting and safeguarding evidence obtained from witnesses. Therefore, this study aims to examine the extent of knowledge about eyewitness factors among Norwegian police students. A group of 54 police students from the Norwegian Police University College in Stavern and Bodø completed an electronic questionnaire containing statements related to various eyewitness factors. The results showed that, on average, the police students accurately responded to 80.7% of the statements. This level of knowledge is higher than that observed among judges, psychologists and jury members in Norway and among police officers in other countries. Additionally, third-year students demonstrated a higher level of knowledge compared to their first-year counterparts, which could suggest that the educational curriculum offered at the Norwegian Police University College is effective in enhancing knowledge levels. The study has some limitations, however, and the results should be interpreted with caution until further research is conducted. Keywords: police education, eyewitness psychology, eyewitness testimony, legal safeguards, reliability
{"title":"Norske politistudenters kunnskap om øyenvitners pålitelighet: en preliminær undersøkelse","authors":"Frida Pedersen, Anita Lill Hansen, Asle Sandvik","doi":"10.52734/rydz8439","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52734/rydz8439","url":null,"abstract":"To minimise errors linked to witness statements in criminal cases, it is crucial that justice system participants possess knowledge about the factors affecting eyewitness reliability. Previous research has explored the understanding of eyewitness factors among Norwegian judges, psychologists, jury members and civilians. However, no studies have examined such knowledge among police professionals, who are responsible for collecting and safeguarding evidence obtained from witnesses. Therefore, this study aims to examine the extent of knowledge about eyewitness factors among Norwegian police students. A group of 54 police students from the Norwegian Police University College in Stavern and Bodø completed an electronic questionnaire containing statements related to various eyewitness factors. The results showed that, on average, the police students accurately responded to 80.7% of the statements. This level of knowledge is higher than that observed among judges, psychologists and jury members in Norway and among police officers in other countries. Additionally, third-year students demonstrated a higher level of knowledge compared to their first-year counterparts, which could suggest that the educational curriculum offered at the Norwegian Police University College is effective in enhancing knowledge levels. The study has some limitations, however, and the results should be interpreted with caution until further research is conducted. Keywords: police education, eyewitness psychology, eyewitness testimony, legal safeguards, reliability","PeriodicalId":344686,"journal":{"name":"Tidsskrift for Norsk psykologforening","volume":"25 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140375434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sigurd Syrdal Aanderaa, Linn Bjerknes, Mette Nordbrønd Mikkelsen, Espen Ajo Arnevik
Diagnostic systems and other established typologies do not facilitate comparison of clinical experiences in a collegial community. There is a need for new tools for sharing of clinical experience that identify patients who will benefit from similar approaches and that serve as a common language across treatment approaches and professions. We present a pilot project from an outpatient clinic for substance use disorders in Oslo where we developed what we call patient profiles. The purpose was to explore whether systematically articulating and comparing clinics' intuitive knowledge can provide a starting point for categories of experience sharing and knowledge development. Research into intuitive knowledge and the grounded theory method were used as the basis for developing the patient profiles. A key prerequisite was that the method could be applied in a clinical setting. We developed the profiles in a stepwise process that included systematically articulating and comparing three clinicians' intuitive experiences of similarity for all patients on their respective patient lists, and then presenting and discussing the profiles in a collegial community. We arrived at three patient profiles: A, B and C. The outpatients clinic has used these profiles to compare clinical experiences. We found that we gained more insight into our colleagues' approaches and experiences and that challenges associated with each profile shared common features. Patient profiles are explicitly local categories that are useful in sharing of clinical experience wherever these are developed. Our profiles are not necessarily representative of other outpatient clinics for substance abuse. One advantage of articulating tacit and intuitive knowledge is that it offers clinicians the opportunity to nuance, reflect on and correct stereotypes and biases in treatment cultures Furthermore, we envisage more direct investigations into whether patient profiles facilitate comparison of treatment experiences. Keywords: intuitive knowledge, experience-based knowledge, clinical experience sharing, substance use disorders
{"title":"Pilotprosjekt om pasientprofiler – et verktøy for klinisk erfaringsdeling","authors":"Sigurd Syrdal Aanderaa, Linn Bjerknes, Mette Nordbrønd Mikkelsen, Espen Ajo Arnevik","doi":"10.52734/ogja5844","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52734/ogja5844","url":null,"abstract":"Diagnostic systems and other established typologies do not facilitate comparison of clinical experiences in a collegial community. There is a need for new tools for sharing of clinical experience that identify patients who will benefit from similar approaches and that serve as a common language across treatment approaches and professions. We present a pilot project from an outpatient clinic for substance use disorders in Oslo where we developed what we call patient profiles. The purpose was to explore whether systematically articulating and comparing clinics' intuitive knowledge can provide a starting point for categories of experience sharing and knowledge development. Research into intuitive knowledge and the grounded theory method were used as the basis for developing the patient profiles. A key prerequisite was that the method could be applied in a clinical setting. We developed the profiles in a stepwise process that included systematically articulating and comparing three clinicians' intuitive experiences of similarity for all patients on their respective patient lists, and then presenting and discussing the profiles in a collegial community. We arrived at three patient profiles: A, B and C. The outpatients clinic has used these profiles to compare clinical experiences. We found that we gained more insight into our colleagues' approaches and experiences and that challenges associated with each profile shared common features. Patient profiles are explicitly local categories that are useful in sharing of clinical experience wherever these are developed. Our profiles are not necessarily representative of other outpatient clinics for substance abuse. One advantage of articulating tacit and intuitive knowledge is that it offers clinicians the opportunity to nuance, reflect on and correct stereotypes and biases in treatment cultures Furthermore, we envisage more direct investigations into whether patient profiles facilitate comparison of treatment experiences. Keywords: intuitive knowledge, experience-based knowledge, clinical experience sharing, substance use disorders","PeriodicalId":344686,"journal":{"name":"Tidsskrift for Norsk psykologforening","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140374327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: This paper aims to explore young women’s experiences of sexual violence in intimate relationships during adolescence. Method: The sample consisted of eight young women (17–23 years of age) who were individually interviewed about their experiences of sexual violence in an intimate, heterosexual relationship. The interviews were analysed using interpretative phenomenological analysis. Results: The analysis highlights how the young women experienced the relationship as binding, in spite of the violence and rape. Positive emotions and limited sexual experience kept them from breaking up. The women’s experiences of sexual violence created shame, low self-esteem and confusion about who they were. Confirmation of the abuse and clarification of blame in new relationships were crucial to the healing process. In summary, this study indicates that young women who experience sexual violence during adolescence can struggle to end the relationship. A growing need for autonomy may raise the threshold for seeking help. An ongoing exploration of social roles, norms and identity may create uncertainty about what is expected of them as sexual partners as well as feelings of confusion, shame and guilt brought about by the abuse. Implications: Helpers such as healthcare professionals and social workers who work with young people, are curious about intimate relationships generally, and ask specific and non-judgemental questions about experiences of sexual violence may lower the threshold for sharing experiences of sexual abuse and aid the healing process. Keywords: qualitative, sexual abuse, sexual violence, adolescence
{"title":"Unge kvinners erfaringer med seksuell vold i intime relasjoner: en kvalitativ studie","authors":"Rebekka Dahle Aase, Nora Eikeland Vaboen, Hannah Helseth, Line Indrevoll Stänicke","doi":"10.52734/kaha9312","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52734/kaha9312","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: This paper aims to explore young women’s experiences of sexual violence in intimate relationships during adolescence. Method: The sample consisted of eight young women (17–23 years of age) who were individually interviewed about their experiences of sexual violence in an intimate, heterosexual relationship. The interviews were analysed using interpretative phenomenological analysis. Results: The analysis highlights how the young women experienced the relationship as binding, in spite of the violence and rape. Positive emotions and limited sexual experience kept them from breaking up. The women’s experiences of sexual violence created shame, low self-esteem and confusion about who they were. Confirmation of the abuse and clarification of blame in new relationships were crucial to the healing process. In summary, this study indicates that young women who experience sexual violence during adolescence can struggle to end the relationship. A growing need for autonomy may raise the threshold for seeking help. An ongoing exploration of social roles, norms and identity may create uncertainty about what is expected of them as sexual partners as well as feelings of confusion, shame and guilt brought about by the abuse. Implications: Helpers such as healthcare professionals and social workers who work with young people, are curious about intimate relationships generally, and ask specific and non-judgemental questions about experiences of sexual violence may lower the threshold for sharing experiences of sexual abuse and aid the healing process. Keywords: qualitative, sexual abuse, sexual violence, adolescence","PeriodicalId":344686,"journal":{"name":"Tidsskrift for Norsk psykologforening","volume":"124 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140089168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aims: To investigate how former patients with adolescent anorexia nervosa (AN) and their parents retrospectively rated various factors that had been helpful to recovery, and how parents rated factors that had been helpful to them in their caregiving role. Method: 34 former patients, 40 mothers and 20 fathers who had participated in specialised family-based inpatient treatment for AN completed questionnaires at follow-up approximately 4.5 years after discharge. Results: Both patients and parents rated the patient’s own wish to recover, willpower and determination as the most important factors, followed by support from the mother. Support from the father, friends, boyfriend/girlfriend and further treatment after the family admission was also rated as an important factor. The parents rated their relationship with their children, support from their spouse and the family admission as the factors most helpful to their role as caregivers. Implications: Our findings support the importance of the patient’s own motivation and agency for long-term recovery from AN. The patients and parents also found that parental support had been crucial to recovery. Keywords: anorexia nervosa, eating disorders, helpful factors for adolescents, helpful factors for parents
{"title":"Nyttige faktorer for tilfriskning av anoreksi: spørreskjemaresultater fra pasienter og foreldre","authors":"Øyvind Rø, Jan-Vegard Nilsen","doi":"10.52734/ziaw5070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52734/ziaw5070","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: To investigate how former patients with adolescent anorexia nervosa (AN) and their parents retrospectively rated various factors that had been helpful to recovery, and how parents rated factors that had been helpful to them in their caregiving role. Method: 34 former patients, 40 mothers and 20 fathers who had participated in specialised family-based inpatient treatment for AN completed questionnaires at follow-up approximately 4.5 years after discharge. Results: Both patients and parents rated the patient’s own wish to recover, willpower and determination as the most important factors, followed by support from the mother. Support from the father, friends, boyfriend/girlfriend and further treatment after the family admission was also rated as an important factor. The parents rated their relationship with their children, support from their spouse and the family admission as the factors most helpful to their role as caregivers. Implications: Our findings support the importance of the patient’s own motivation and agency for long-term recovery from AN. The patients and parents also found that parental support had been crucial to recovery. Keywords: anorexia nervosa, eating disorders, helpful factors for adolescents, helpful factors for parents","PeriodicalId":344686,"journal":{"name":"Tidsskrift for Norsk psykologforening","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140085682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marit Coldevin, Maia Daasvand Skyberg, Solveig M. Kirchhofer, Per Martin Løken, Synne Jenssen, Jan Stubberud
Background and purpose: The overall aim of the present pilot study was to examine how parents report treatment outcomes after participating in skill training groups in dialectical behaviour therapy for children (DBT-C). DBT-C was developed to meet the therapeutical needs of children with severe emotional dysregulation. To our knowledge, this is the first study in the world to explore treatment outcomes of skill training groups for parents in DBT-C. Methods and results: The sample in this within-subjects study consisted of parents of 23 children from an outpatient sample aged between eight and 13 years (Mdn = 11, 74% boys). The outcome measures were the Eyberg Child Behaviour Inventory (ECBI), comparing scores pre- and post-intervention, and an evaluation of the perceived feasibility and acceptance of the intervention. Findings indicated a reduction in the frequency of disruptive behaviours (ECBI Intensity) (t(21) = 5.127, p < .001) and in the extent to which the parent finds the child’s behaviour troublesome (ECBI Problem) (t(19) = 2.714, p = .014) following intervention. Conclusion: With reservations for the small sample size and the lack of a control group, the present pilot study shows preliminary evidence that DBT-C skill training groups for parents reduce behavioural problems in children with emotional dysregulation. The study contributes to the scant research conducted to date on the promising effects of DBT-C and paves the way for further research of the treatment method. Keywords: DBT-C, DMDD, skill training groups, parent intervention, disruptive behaviour
{"title":"Dialektisk atferdsterapi for barn: En pilotstudie av ferdighetstreningsgrupper for foreldre","authors":"Marit Coldevin, Maia Daasvand Skyberg, Solveig M. Kirchhofer, Per Martin Løken, Synne Jenssen, Jan Stubberud","doi":"10.52734/ommb8005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52734/ommb8005","url":null,"abstract":"Background and purpose: The overall aim of the present pilot study was to examine how parents report treatment outcomes after participating in skill training groups in dialectical behaviour therapy for children (DBT-C). DBT-C was developed to meet the therapeutical needs of children with severe emotional dysregulation. To our knowledge, this is the first study in the world to explore treatment outcomes of skill training groups for parents in DBT-C. Methods and results: The sample in this within-subjects study consisted of parents of 23 children from an outpatient sample aged between eight and 13 years (Mdn = 11, 74% boys). The outcome measures were the Eyberg Child Behaviour Inventory (ECBI), comparing scores pre- and post-intervention, and an evaluation of the perceived feasibility and acceptance of the intervention. Findings indicated a reduction in the frequency of disruptive behaviours (ECBI Intensity) (t(21) = 5.127, p < .001) and in the extent to which the parent finds the child’s behaviour troublesome (ECBI Problem) (t(19) = 2.714, p = .014) following intervention. Conclusion: With reservations for the small sample size and the lack of a control group, the present pilot study shows preliminary evidence that DBT-C skill training groups for parents reduce behavioural problems in children with emotional dysregulation. The study contributes to the scant research conducted to date on the promising effects of DBT-C and paves the way for further research of the treatment method. Keywords: DBT-C, DMDD, skill training groups, parent intervention, disruptive behaviour","PeriodicalId":344686,"journal":{"name":"Tidsskrift for Norsk psykologforening","volume":"67 39","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139686817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ane Wilhelmsen-Langeland, Nina Handelsby, Line Wisting, Eirin Winje
People with type 1 diabetes (T1D) have an elevated risk of suicidal ideation and death by suicide compared with the general population. The aim of the present article is to provide updated and evidence-based knowledge about the association between T1D and suicide. A further aim is to discuss how specific psychological aspects of T1D may contribute to a heightened risk of suicide. We emphasize the importance of closeness to death, responsibility, stigmatisation, loneliness, shame, burnout, unpredictability and lack of control. Daily self-management is highly demanding. The illness is associated with a risk of severe somatic complications such as visual impairment, dementia, cardiovascular disease, impaired renal function and premature death. Type 1 diabetes also increases the risk of neuropathy, other types of painful conditions and fatigue. Finally, we suggest approaches that may help psychologists address these issues. Key words: type 1 Diabetes Mellitus, suicide, mental health issues, health psychology
{"title":"Diabetes type 1 øker risiko for selvmord: Hva kan psykologen gjøre?","authors":"Ane Wilhelmsen-Langeland, Nina Handelsby, Line Wisting, Eirin Winje","doi":"10.52734/snxa8325","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52734/snxa8325","url":null,"abstract":"People with type 1 diabetes (T1D) have an elevated risk of suicidal ideation and death by suicide compared with the general population. The aim of the present article is to provide updated and evidence-based knowledge about the association between T1D and suicide. A further aim is to discuss how specific psychological aspects of T1D may contribute to a heightened risk of suicide. We emphasize the importance of closeness to death, responsibility, stigmatisation, loneliness, shame, burnout, unpredictability and lack of control. Daily self-management is highly demanding. The illness is associated with a risk of severe somatic complications such as visual impairment, dementia, cardiovascular disease, impaired renal function and premature death. Type 1 diabetes also increases the risk of neuropathy, other types of painful conditions and fatigue. Finally, we suggest approaches that may help psychologists address these issues. Key words: type 1 Diabetes Mellitus, suicide, mental health issues, health psychology","PeriodicalId":344686,"journal":{"name":"Tidsskrift for Norsk psykologforening","volume":"4 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139684768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Understanding of the concept of empathy is often subject to change. The manifold conceptualisations, as well as the terminological ambiguities regarding the concept, are observed by studying interdisciplinary, overlapping and even contrasting perspectives of the phenomena across public discourse and academic literature. In this article we do not attempt to reduce the concept of empathy to a single entity, but rather strive to illuminate the many approaches to it. We identify a categorisation of the literature on empathy into two overarching approaches and propose two prototypical epistemological positions that might describe the definitional variations in understanding and applying it, namely a phenomenological or a positivist model underlying understandings of the concept. These two categories encompass wide subsets of traditions and perspectives which we summarise in a nomological network. Such a framing enables us to document the basis for the concept of empathy within a diversity of disciplinary traditions. Keywords: empathy, phenomenology, positivism, nomological network
{"title":"Empatiens mange ansikter: fenomenologisk og positivistisk empati","authors":"Magnus H. Blystad, Simen Christensen Grøgaard","doi":"10.52734/erkp8472","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52734/erkp8472","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding of the concept of empathy is often subject to change. The manifold conceptualisations, as well as the terminological ambiguities regarding the concept, are observed by studying interdisciplinary, overlapping and even contrasting perspectives of the phenomena across public discourse and academic literature. In this article we do not attempt to reduce the concept of empathy to a single entity, but rather strive to illuminate the many approaches to it. We identify a categorisation of the literature on empathy into two overarching approaches and propose two prototypical epistemological positions that might describe the definitional variations in understanding and applying it, namely a phenomenological or a positivist model underlying understandings of the concept. These two categories encompass wide subsets of traditions and perspectives which we summarise in a nomological network. Such a framing enables us to document the basis for the concept of empathy within a diversity of disciplinary traditions. Keywords: empathy, phenomenology, positivism, nomological network","PeriodicalId":344686,"journal":{"name":"Tidsskrift for Norsk psykologforening","volume":"8 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139124851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article aims to show how the use of systematic ethical considerations can illuminate important dilemmas in the treatment of eating disorders in children and adolescents in Norwegian mental health care. In a fictional clinical case, a six-step model for ethical reflection is used to examine the role of parents in family-based treatment (FBT) or, more precisely, how the explicit responsibility given to parents in FBT may lead to doubts about their ability as caregivers, and whether a recommendation for hospitalisation should in such cases be equated with the therapist’s duty to notify the child welfare service. By conducting a consistent and methodical review of relevant aspects of these ethical problems, the analysis offers a concrete, systematic way in which to clarify the ethical challenges, uncover underlying values and explore new perspectives and solutions in the treatment of eating disorders in children and adolescents. Furthermore, it suggests important areas of development in evidence-based practice and cross-sectoral cooperation in the field of eating disorders. Keywords: Family-based treatment, eating disorder, parents, care, ethical analysis, evidence-based practice
{"title":"Etiske perspektiver i behandling av spiseforstyrrelser hos barn og unge","authors":"Kristin Sarmon","doi":"10.52734/yfae6772","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52734/yfae6772","url":null,"abstract":"This article aims to show how the use of systematic ethical considerations can illuminate important dilemmas in the treatment of eating disorders in children and adolescents in Norwegian mental health care. In a fictional clinical case, a six-step model for ethical reflection is used to examine the role of parents in family-based treatment (FBT) or, more precisely, how the explicit responsibility given to parents in FBT may lead to doubts about their ability as caregivers, and whether a recommendation for hospitalisation should in such cases be equated with the therapist’s duty to notify the child welfare service. By conducting a consistent and methodical review of relevant aspects of these ethical problems, the analysis offers a concrete, systematic way in which to clarify the ethical challenges, uncover underlying values and explore new perspectives and solutions in the treatment of eating disorders in children and adolescents. Furthermore, it suggests important areas of development in evidence-based practice and cross-sectoral cooperation in the field of eating disorders. Keywords: Family-based treatment, eating disorder, parents, care, ethical analysis, evidence-based practice","PeriodicalId":344686,"journal":{"name":"Tidsskrift for Norsk psykologforening","volume":"10 14","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139124671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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