Causation Bridges the Two Times

Holly K. Andersen
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Abstract

Abstract The two-times problem, where time as experienced seems to have distinctive features different than those found in fundamental physics, appears to be more intractable than necessary, I argue, because the two times are marked out from the positions furthest apart: neuroscience and physics. I offer causation as exactly the kind of bridge between these two times that authors like Buonomano and Rovelli (forthcoming) are seeking. It is a historical contingency from philosophical discussions around phenomenology, and a methodological artefact from neuroscience, that most studies of temporal features of experience require subjects to be sufficiently still that their engagement with affordances in the environment can be at best tested in artificial and highly constrained ways. Physics does not offer an account of causation, but accounts of causation are tied to or grounded in physics in ways that can be clearly delineated. Causation then serves as a bridge that coordinates time as experienced, via interaction with affordances in the environment, with time in physics as it constrains causal relationships. I conclude by showing how an information-theoretic account of causation fits neatly into and extends the information gathering and utilizing system (IGUS) of Gruber et al. ( Front. Psychol., 13 , 718505).
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因果关系架起了两个时代的桥梁
我认为,“两次”问题,即经验到的时间似乎具有与基础物理学中发现的截然不同的特征,似乎比必要的更棘手,因为这两次是由距离最远的两个位置标记出来的:神经科学和物理学。我提供的因果关系正是布诺马诺和罗维利(即将出版)等作家所寻求的那种连接这两个时代的桥梁。这是围绕现象学的哲学讨论的历史偶然性,也是神经科学的方法论产物,大多数关于经验的时间特征的研究都要求受试者保持足够的静止,这样他们与环境中的可见性的接触最多只能以人为的和高度受限的方式进行测试。物理学不提供因果关系的解释,但因果关系的解释以可以清晰描述的方式与物理学联系在一起或以物理学为基础。然后,因果关系作为一个桥梁,通过与环境中的可视性的相互作用,与物理中的时间(因为它限制了因果关系)协调时间。最后,我展示了因果关系的信息论解释如何巧妙地适应并扩展了格鲁伯等人的信息收集和利用系统(IGUS)。Psychol。, 13, 718505)。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
1.60
自引率
14.30%
发文量
23
期刊介绍: Timing & Time Perception aims to be the forum for all psychophysical, neuroimaging, pharmacological, computational, and theoretical advances on the topic of timing and time perception in humans and other animals. We envision a multidisciplinary approach to the topics covered, including the synergy of: Neuroscience and Philosophy for understanding the concept of time, Cognitive Science and Artificial Intelligence for adapting basic research to artificial agents, Psychiatry, Neurology, Behavioral and Computational Sciences for neuro-rehabilitation and modeling of the disordered brain, to name just a few. Given the ubiquity of interval timing, this journal will host all basic studies, including interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary works on timing and time perception and serve as a forum for discussion and extension of current knowledge on the topic.
期刊最新文献
Causation Bridges the Two Times Consciousness Is Quantum State Reduction Which Creates the Flow of Time Comparing the Accuracy of Motor Reproduction and Timeline Estimation Methods for Interval Timing in Children Doing and Knowing “Physical Time within Human Time” and “Bridging the Neuroscience and Physics of Time”
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