Automated hanging water column for characterizing water retention and hysteresis of coarse‐textured porous media

IF 2.4 3区 农林科学 Q2 SOIL SCIENCE Soil Science Society of America Journal Pub Date : 2023-10-17 DOI:10.1002/saj2.20596
Chihiro Dixon, Adam Blakeslee, Melanie Mills, Wenyi Sheng, Scott B. Jones
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Abstract

Abstract Modeling and characterizing hysteretic water retention is critical for predicting hydrodynamic behavior in porous media. This is especially true in coarse‐textured media used in geotechnical engineering, greenhouse, and landscape industries, where subtle changes in water status may lead to plant stress. However, based on the traditional hanging water column method, water retention measurements are laborious and time consuming because of the stepwise manual water potential adjustments and wait‐time requirements for equilibrium conditions to develop. Therefore, we designed and fabricated an automated system to collect wetting‐ and drying‐water retention data from coarse porous media. The basic system consisted of (1) a compound pressure transducer (± 70‐cm range) providing both the porous medium's volumetric water content ( θ ) and matric potential ( h ) determinations, (2) a 70‐cm linear actuator to vertically position a 50‐mL burette, and (3) a diffuse laser distance sensor positioned by a 10‐cm linear actuator to monitor the burette's vertical position relative to the sample position. This automated system determined the initial drying process beginning with a fully saturated sample ( h = 0 cm) and determined subsequent wetting‐ and drying‐water retention curves. Our automated water retention measurements in quartz sand (ASTM C778‐21) exhibited maximum‐ and minimum‐standard deviation in θ of 0.013 and 0.00044 cm 3 cm −3 , respectively. Parameters of the hysteretic water retention model of quartz sand were characterized using repeated measurements. Results of this research included the creation of an automated water retention system and the well‐characterized hydraulic parameters for the original well‐graded and narrowly sieved particle sizes of quartz sand.
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自动悬挂水柱,用于表征粗糙纹理多孔介质的水潴留和滞后
模拟和表征滞后性水潴留是预测多孔介质水动力行为的关键。在岩土工程、温室和景观行业中使用的粗纹理介质中尤其如此,在这些行业中,水分状况的细微变化可能导致植物应激。然而,基于传统的悬挂水柱方法,由于需要逐步手动调整水势和等待时间以达到平衡条件,因此保水性测量既费力又耗时。因此,我们设计并制造了一个自动化系统来收集粗糙多孔介质的湿润和干燥水分保持数据。基本系统包括(1)一个复合压力传感器(±70 cm范围),提供多孔介质的体积含水量(θ)和基质电位(h)的测定,(2)一个70 cm的线性致动器,用于垂直定位一个50 mL的滴管,(3)一个漫射激光距离传感器,由一个10 cm的线性致动器定位,用于监测滴管相对于样品位置的垂直位置。该自动化系统确定了从完全饱和样品(h = 0 cm)开始的初始干燥过程,并确定了随后的湿润和干燥水保持曲线。我们在石英砂中的自动保水性测量(ASTM C778‐21)在θ上的最大和最小标准偏差分别为0.013和0.00044 cm 3 cm−3。通过重复测量,对石英砂滞回持水模型参数进行了表征。这项研究的结果包括创建了一个自动保水系统,并为原始的石英砂分级和窄筛粒度确定了良好的水力参数。
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来源期刊
Soil Science Society of America Journal
Soil Science Society of America Journal 农林科学-土壤科学
CiteScore
5.40
自引率
3.40%
发文量
130
审稿时长
3.6 months
期刊介绍: SSSA Journal publishes content on soil physics; hydrology; soil chemistry; soil biology; soil biochemistry; soil fertility; plant nutrition; pedology; soil and water conservation and management; forest, range, and wildland soils; soil and plant analysis; soil mineralogy, wetland soils. The audience is researchers, students, soil scientists, hydrologists, pedologist, geologists, agronomists, arborists, ecologists, engineers, certified practitioners, soil microbiologists, and environmentalists. The journal publishes original research, issue papers, reviews, notes, comments and letters to the editor, and book reviews. Invitational papers may be published in the journal if accepted by the editorial board.
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