From Alert Child to Sleepy Adolescent: Age Trends in Chronotype, Social Jetlag, and Sleep Problems in Youth with Autism.

IF 3.2 2区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2023-11-28 DOI:10.1007/s10803-023-06187-0
Briana J Taylor, Kahsi A Pedersen, Carla A Mazefsky, Martine A Lamy, Charles F Reynolds, William R Strathmann, Matthew Siegel
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Abstract

Purpose: Developmental changes in sleep in youth with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are understudied. In non-ASD youth, adolescents exhibit a "night owl chronotype" (i.e., later sleep/wake timing) and social jetlag (i.e., shifts in sleep timing across school nights and weekends), with corresponding sleep problems. The purpose of this study is to evaluate age trends in chronotype, social jetlag, and sleep problems in high-risk youth with ASD.

Methods: Youth with ASD (N = 171), ages 5-21 years old, were enrolled at the time of admission to specialized psychiatric units. Caregivers reported children's demographic information, habitual sleep timing, and sleep problems. Multivariate analyses evaluated the effect of age on chronotype, social jetlag, and sleep problems and the effects of chronotype and social jetlag on sleep problems. Covariates and moderators included sex, race, verbal ability, autism symptom severity, supplemental melatonin, and pubertal status.

Results: Older age was associated with later chronotype, more social jetlag, fewer sleep anxiety/co-sleeping problems, fewer night waking and parasomnia problems, and more daytime alertness problems. The effect of age on chronotype was stronger for youth with greater social affective symptom severity. Mediation analyses showed that later chronotype statistically mediated the association between age and daytime alertness problems.

Conclusions: Youth with ASD may exhibit night owl chronotype behavior and social jetlag as they enter adolescence. Shifts toward a later chronotype may be exacerbated by autism severity and may contribute to alertness problems and sleepiness during the day. Chronotype is modifiable and may be leveraged to improve daytime functioning in youth with ASD.

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从警觉的儿童到困倦的青少年:自闭症青少年的睡眠类型、社会时差和睡眠问题的年龄趋势。
目的:对青少年自闭症谱系障碍(ASD)的睡眠发育变化进行研究。在非asd青少年中,青少年表现出“夜猫子型”(即晚睡/晚醒时间)和社交时差(即在学校晚上和周末的睡眠时间变化),并伴有相应的睡眠问题。本研究的目的是评估高危青少年自闭症患者的睡眠类型、社会时差和睡眠问题的年龄趋势。方法:171例5-21岁的青少年ASD患者在入院时被纳入专门的精神科。照顾者报告了儿童的人口统计信息、习惯性睡眠时间和睡眠问题。多变量分析评估了年龄对睡眠类型、社会时差和睡眠问题的影响,以及睡眠类型和社会时差对睡眠问题的影响。协变量和调节因素包括性别、种族、语言能力、自闭症症状严重程度、补充褪黑激素和青春期状态。结果:年龄越大,睡眠类型越晚,社交时差越多,睡眠焦虑/共睡问题越少,夜间醒来和睡眠异常问题越少,白天警觉性问题越多。年龄对时间型的影响在社会情感症状严重程度较高的青少年中更为明显。中介分析显示,较晚的时间类型在统计上介导了年龄与白天警觉性问题之间的关联。结论:患有自闭症的青少年在进入青春期后可能会表现出夜猫子的时间型行为和社会时差。自闭症的严重程度可能会加剧向晚睡型的转变,并可能导致白天的警觉性问题和嗜睡。睡眠类型是可以改变的,可以用来改善青少年ASD患者的日间功能。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
8.00
自引率
10.30%
发文量
433
期刊介绍: The Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders seeks to advance theoretical and applied research as well as examine and evaluate clinical diagnoses and treatments for autism and related disabilities. JADD encourages research submissions on the causes of ASDs and related disorders, including genetic, immunological, and environmental factors; diagnosis and assessment tools (e.g., for early detection as well as behavioral and communications characteristics); and prevention and treatment options. Sample topics include: Social responsiveness in young children with autism Advances in diagnosing and reporting autism Omega-3 fatty acids to treat autism symptoms Parental and child adherence to behavioral and medical treatments for autism Increasing independent task completion by students with autism spectrum disorder Does laughter differ in children with autism? Predicting ASD diagnosis and social impairment in younger siblings of children with autism The effects of psychotropic and nonpsychotropic medication with adolescents and adults with ASD Increasing independence for individuals with ASDs Group interventions to promote social skills in school-aged children with ASDs Standard diagnostic measures for ASDs Substance abuse in adults with autism Differentiating between ADHD and autism symptoms Social competence and social skills training and interventions for children with ASDs Therapeutic horseback riding and social functioning in children with autism Authors and readers of the Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders include sch olars, researchers, professionals, policy makers, and graduate students from a broad range of cross-disciplines, including developmental, clinical child, and school psychology; pediatrics; psychiatry; education; social work and counseling; speech, communication, and physical therapy; medicine and neuroscience; and public health.
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