Analysis of Two Different Inks and Application Techniques on Palm Leaf Manuscripts Through Non-Invasive Analysis

IF 0.7 4区管理学 Q3 INFORMATION SCIENCE & LIBRARY SCIENCE Restaurator. International Journal for the Preservation of Library and Archival Material Pub Date : 2023-12-04 DOI:10.1515/res-2023-0018

Chen Yu, Meifang Zhang, Xin Song

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Abstract

Abstract Influenced by the spreading route of Buddhism, palm leaf manuscripts in China are mostly distributed in Yunnan province and Tibet. The ink of palm leaf manuscripts from Yunnan province is left in the incisions, while the ink of palm leaf manuscripts from Tibet is written on the surface. The two inks have different compositions and application techniques, which may lead to varying degrees of flaking and ink loss. Application technique and ink composition are crucial for conservation measures. In this study, non-destructive analysis techniques including a portable digital microscope, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) were undertaken to analyse the characteristics and preservation condition of inks applied with different techniques on palm leaf manuscripts. Morphologies indicated that the interaction of ink and support influence the type and extent of ink loss. FTIR and XRF results showed significant differences in ink composition between incised palm leaf manuscripts from Yunnan and surface-written manuscripts from Tibet. Manuscripts from different periods within the same region exhibited similarities in ink composition. This paper significantly contributes to understanding properties of inks, offering an essential reference for ink consolidation.

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通过非侵入式分析对棕榈叶手稿上两种不同油墨和应用技术的分析

受佛教传播路线的影响，中国的棕榈叶手抄本主要分布在云南和西藏地区。切口内留有云南棕榈叶手稿的墨迹，表面则有西藏棕榈叶手稿的墨迹。这两种油墨的成分和使用方法不同，可能导致不同程度的剥落和油墨损失。应用技术和油墨成分是保护措施的关键。本研究采用便携式数码显微镜、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)和x射线荧光(XRF)等非破坏性分析技术，分析了不同工艺涂在棕榈叶手稿上的油墨的特征和保存情况。形态学表明，油墨和载体的相互作用影响油墨损失的类型和程度。红外光谱(FTIR)和x射线辐射(XRF)结果表明，云南棕榈叶刻本与西藏手抄本的油墨成分存在显著差异。同一地区不同时期的手抄本在笔墨构成上表现出相似性。本文对了解油墨的性质有重要的贡献，为油墨固结提供了重要的参考。

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Restaurator. International Journal for the Preservation of Library and Archival Material INFORMATION SCIENCE & LIBRARY SCIENCE-

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期刊介绍： Restaurator is the only international periodical specializing exclusively in the conservation of library and archive materials. Articles examine the many important aspects of this subject area, such as technology, practical experience and organization. They also focus on scientific basics: Many articles deal with the development of new preservation techniques and the improvement and better understanding of established methods. The articles are written in English with summaries in English, French and German. By reading Restaurator regularly, librarians, archivists and restorers can keep up to date with the latest research and developments. The editorial committee is made up of experts from well-known institutions and organizations from all over the world

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