Modeling of a Hexagonal Microstrip Patch Antenna for Breast Cancer Detection

Nure Alam Chowdhury, Lulu Wang, Md. Shazzadul Islam, Linxia Gu, Mehmet Kaya
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Abstract

Breast cancer is a global problem, and it is inevitable to detect cancerous cells at early stages. In recent years, microwave imaging (MWI) technology has been widely applied in biomedical applications for its non-ionizing radiation. Therefore, in this paper, a low profile hexagonal microstrip patch antenna has been proposed for the technology to detect breast cancer. This antenna has wide operating bandwidth of 13.5 GHz (6.6 GHz ¬to 20.1 GHz), and the return loss is as low as -50.83 dB at 8 GHz. To evaluate the antenna performances, the proposed antenna has been simulated in two different simulation software like HFSS and CST MWS. The antenna has achieved a maximum gain of 8.82 dBi with a quasi-omnidirectional radiation pattern. A three-layered human body mimicking breast phantom with different dielectric properties has been designed with and without tumor mimicking tissue. The difference between the dielectric properties of the tumor and the dielectric properties of different layers of breast phantom in the presence of external radiation field can inform the existence of tumor inside the breast phantom. An array of eight elements of proposed antenna is distributed around the breast phantom to detect the tumor with a minimum radius of 2 mm. Because of the low profile and compact in size (7.9 mm×11.4 mm), the proposed antenna is suitable for multi-static MWI technology for breast cancer detection at early stage.
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用于乳腺癌检测的六角微带贴片天线建模
乳腺癌是一个全球性问题,因此必须及早发现癌细胞。近年来,微波成像(MWI)技术因其非电离辐射而被广泛应用于生物医学领域。因此,本文针对乳腺癌检测技术提出了一种低剖面六边形微带贴片天线。该天线的工作带宽为 13.5 GHz(6.6 GHz 至 20.1 GHz),8 GHz 时的回波损耗低至 -50.83 dB。为了评估该天线的性能,我们在两种不同的仿真软件(如 HFSS 和 CST MWS)中对该天线进行了仿真。天线的最大增益为 8.82 dBi,辐射模式为准全向。设计了一个具有不同介电特性的三层人体模拟乳房模型,模型中包含和不包含肿瘤模拟组织。在外部辐射场存在的情况下,肿瘤的介电特性与乳房模型不同层的介电特性之间的差异可以告知乳房模型内部是否存在肿瘤。由八个元件组成的拟议天线阵列分布在乳房模型周围,以探测最小半径为 2 毫米的肿瘤。由于该天线外形低矮、体积小巧(7.9 毫米×11.4 毫米),因此适合用于乳腺癌早期检测的多静态 MWI 技术。
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