Comparative study on the Antidiabetic activity of the bark extracts of Syzygium caryophyllatum (L.) Alston and Syzygium zeylanicum (L.) DC

Abstract

The study evaluated the potential antidiabetic property of methanol extracts of S. caryophyllatum and S. zeylanicum in alloxan and streptozotocin - induced diabetic rats. Glibenclamide and extract at 5mg/kg, 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight respectively were used. Animals were divided into 7 groups of 6 each. The treatment was carried out in each group of animals for both the models for 21 days. Blood samples were withdrawn under mild anesthesia from retro - orbital of the overnight fasted animals on 1st, 7th, 14th, and 21st day. Estimation of SGPT and SGOT and the intensity of the coloured complex was performed. Body weight of animals in all the groups was recorded at 0, 7th, 15th and 21st day. There was no mortality amongst the dosed groups of animals and the extract did not show toxicity at a dose level of 2000 mg/kg. The extracts of both the species at 400 mg / kg body weight possessed a remarkable fasting blood – glucose lowering potential, significant increase in body weight and reduced levels of SGPT and SGOT in alloxan and streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. The extracts also exhibited improved glucose utilisation. The UPLC analysis of the extract revealed the presence of phenols and flavonoids with antidiabetic potential. The results support the use of Syzygium species in traditional system of medicine to treat diabetes mellitus.