Carbon monoxide impurities in hydrogen detected with resonant photoacoustic cell using a mid-IR laser source

IF 7.1 1区医学 Q1 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL Photoacoustics Pub Date : 2024-01-18 DOI:10.1016/j.pacs.2024.100585

Chaofan Feng , Xiaowen Shen , Biao Li , Xiaoli Liu , Yujing Jing , Qi Huang , Pietro Patimisco , Vincenzo Spagnolo , Lei Dong , Hongpeng Wu

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Abstract

We report on a photoacoustic sensor system based on a differential photoacoustic cell to detect the concentration of CO impurities in hydrogen. A DFB-QCL laser with a central wavelength of 4.61 µm was employed as an exciting source with an optical power of 21 mW. Different concentrations of CO gas mixed with pure hydrogen were injected into the photoacoustic cell to test the linear response of the photoacoustic signal to the CO concentration. The stability of the long-term operation was verified by Allan-Werle deviation analysis. The minimum detection limit (MDL, SNR=1) results 8 ppb at 1 s and reaches a sub-ppb level at 100 s of integration time. Dynamic response of the system is linear and has been tested up to the concentration of 6 ppm. Saturation conditions are expected to be reached for CO concentration larger than 100 ppm.

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使用中红外激光源的共振光声电池检测氢气中的一氧化碳杂质

我们报告了一种基于差分光声电池的光声传感器系统，用于检测氢气中 CO 杂质的浓度。该系统采用中心波长为 4.61 μm 的 DFB-QCL 激光器作为激励源，光功率为 21 mW。将不同浓度的 CO 气体与纯氢混合注入光声电池，以测试光声信号对 CO 浓度的线性响应。通过 Allan-Werle 偏差分析验证了长期运行的稳定性。最低检测限（MDL，信噪比=1）在 1 秒时为 8 ppb，在 100 秒的积分时间内达到次 ppb 水平。系统的动态响应是线性的，已测试到 6 ppm 的浓度。当 CO 浓度大于 100 ppm 时，预计会达到饱和状态。

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来源期刊

Photoacoustics Physics and Astronomy-Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics

CiteScore

11.40

自引率

16.50%

发文量

审稿时长

53 days

期刊介绍： The open access Photoacoustics journal (PACS) aims to publish original research and review contributions in the field of photoacoustics-optoacoustics-thermoacoustics. This field utilizes acoustical and ultrasonic phenomena excited by electromagnetic radiation for the detection, visualization, and characterization of various materials and biological tissues, including living organisms. Recent advancements in laser technologies, ultrasound detection approaches, inverse theory, and fast reconstruction algorithms have greatly supported the rapid progress in this field. The unique contrast provided by molecular absorption in photoacoustic-optoacoustic-thermoacoustic methods has allowed for addressing unmet biological and medical needs such as pre-clinical research, clinical imaging of vasculature, tissue and disease physiology, drug efficacy, surgery guidance, and therapy monitoring. Applications of this field encompass a wide range of medical imaging and sensing applications, including cancer, vascular diseases, brain neurophysiology, ophthalmology, and diabetes. Moreover, photoacoustics-optoacoustics-thermoacoustics is a multidisciplinary field, with contributions from chemistry and nanotechnology, where novel materials such as biodegradable nanoparticles, organic dyes, targeted agents, theranostic probes, and genetically expressed markers are being actively developed. These advanced materials have significantly improved the signal-to-noise ratio and tissue contrast in photoacoustic methods.