COVID-19 Testing and Vaccination Among US Older Adults with Vision Impairment: The National Health and Aging Trends Study 2021.

IF 1.7 4区医学 Q3 OPHTHALMOLOGY Ophthalmic epidemiology Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-24 DOI:10.1080/09286586.2023.2301587

Louay Almidani, Bonnielin K Swenor, Joshua R Ehrlich, Varshini Varadaraj

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Abstract

Purpose: To examine the associations between vision impairment (VI) and COVID-19 testing and vaccination services in older US adults.

Methods: This cross-sectional study assessed data from adults ≥ 65 years who participated in the National Health and Aging Trends Study (year 2021), a nationally representative sample of Medicare beneficiaries. Exposure: Distance VI (<20/40), near VI (<20/40), contrast sensitivity impairment (CSI) (<1.55 logCS), and any VI (distance, near, or CSI). Outcomes: Self-reported COVID-19 testing and vaccination.

Results: Of 2,822 older adults, the majority were female (weighted; 55%) and White (82%), and 32% had any VI. In fully-adjusted regression analyses, older adults with any VI had similar COVID-19 vaccination rates to adults without any VI (OR:0.77, 95% CI:0.54-1.09), but had lower odds of COVID-19 testing (OR:0.82, 95% CI:0.68-0.97). Older adults with distance (OR:0.47, 95% CI:0.22-0.99) and near (OR:0.68, 95% CI:0.47-0.99) VI were less likely to be vaccinated for COVID-19, while those with CSI were less likely to test for COVID-19 (OR:0.76, 95% CI:0.61-0.95), as compared to peers without respective impairments. The remaining associations were not significant (p > .05).

Conclusions and relevance: These findings highlight inequities in the COVID-19 pandemic response for people with vision disability and emphasize the need for equitable prioritization of accessibility of healthcare services for all Americans.

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美国视力受损老年人的 COVID-19 检测和疫苗接种情况：2021 年全国健康与老龄化趋势研究》。

目的：研究美国老年人视力损伤（VI）与 COVID-19 检测和疫苗接种服务之间的关联：这项横断面研究评估了参加全国健康与老龄化趋势研究（2021 年）的 65 岁以上成年人的数据，该研究是一项具有全国代表性的医疗保险受益人样本。暴露：距离 VI（结果：在 2,822 名老年人中，大多数为女性（加权；55%）和白人（82%），32% 有任何 VI。在完全调整回归分析中，有任何 VI 的老年人的 COVID-19 疫苗接种率与没有任何 VI 的成年人相似（OR:0.77，95% CI:0.54-1.09），但 COVID-19 检测几率较低（OR:0.82，95% CI:0.68-0.97）。与没有相应障碍的老年人相比，有远视（OR:0.47，95% CI:0.22-0.99）和近视（OR:0.68，95% CI:0.47-0.99）的老年人接种 COVID-19 疫苗的几率较低，而有 CSI 的老年人检测 COVID-19 的几率较低（OR:0.76，95% CI:0.61-0.95）。其余关联均不显著（P > .05）：这些发现凸显了 COVID-19 大流行应对措施对视力残疾者的不公平，并强调了为所有美国人提供无障碍医疗保健服务的公平优先性的必要性。

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来源期刊

Ophthalmic epidemiology 医学-眼科学

CiteScore

3.70

自引率

5.60%

发文量

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： Ophthalmic Epidemiology is dedicated to the publication of original research into eye and vision health in the fields of epidemiology, public health and the prevention of blindness. Ophthalmic Epidemiology publishes editorials, original research reports, systematic reviews and meta-analysis articles, brief communications and letters to the editor on all subjects related to ophthalmic epidemiology. A broad range of topics is suitable, such as: evaluating the risk of ocular diseases, general and specific study designs, screening program implementation and evaluation, eye health care access, delivery and outcomes, therapeutic efficacy or effectiveness, disease prognosis and quality of life, cost-benefit analysis, biostatistical theory and risk factor analysis. We are looking to expand our engagement with reports of international interest, including those regarding problems affecting developing countries, although reports from all over the world potentially are suitable. Clinical case reports, small case series (not enough for a cohort analysis) articles and animal research reports are not appropriate for this journal.