Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Insights into Brain Morphology and Connectivity Disruptions in Schizophrenia

Abstract

This review explores the transformative impact of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) on understanding schizophrenia. Structural MRI has unveiled significant alterations in brain regions like the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex, offering detailed insights into anatomical irregularities. Functional MRI studies have shed light on disruptions within the default mode network, providing valuable insights into cognitive deficits associated with the disorder. Additionally, Diffusion Tensor Imaging has highlighted white matter abnormalities, underscoring compromised interregional communication within the brain. Despite persistent challenges such as population heterogeneity and variations in imaging protocols, MRI techniques have significantly advanced our understanding of schizophrenia's neurobiological aspects.