Performance evaluation of an ex situ permeable reactive bio-barrier in phenol-contaminated water containment and remediation under a laminar flow regime

IF 5.6 1区 工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, GEOLOGICAL Acta Geotechnica Pub Date : 2024-04-28 DOI:10.1007/s11440-024-02301-3
Zohreh Emmarloo, Mohsen Karrabi, Bahar Shahnavaz, Asal Masoumi Khameneh, Philippe Sechet
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Abstract

Petroleum hydrocarbons (PHCs) including phenolic compounds cause major environmental impacts just the once released into soils or groundwater. Among the core technologies, permeable reactive barriers (PRBs) have been so far exploited to contain and control such contaminants within the subsurface layers of the soil. Against this background, the present study investigated flow-biofilm interactions in a laboratory-scale permeable reactive bio-barrier (PRBB). To this end, an experimental setup was firstly built by embedding pressure measurement ports, at 10 cm intervals, onto a cylindrical column with a diameter of 57 mm and a height of 50 cm, and then filled with a porous medium, made up of sand with an average diameter of 1.78 mm. The bacterium, Pseudomonas putida (P. putida), was also utilized to generate the biofilm. Afterward, phenol-containing water was passed through the column at a rate of 2 L/h under a hydrodynamic laminar flow regime. Experimental evidence showed that the biofilm formed by bacterial growth could shrink the bio-barrier (BB) porosity from 0.35 to 0.07, instigating a drop by 590 and 840 times in the hydraulic pressure across the column at phenol concentrations, 200 and 400 mg/L, respectively. The desired biofilm additionally managed to remove 40 and 30% of phenol at concentrations of 200 and 400 mg/L, in that order. Exploring the variations in hydraulic conductivity in different layers plus the microscopic images further demonstrated that the biofilm created at phenol concentration of 200 mg/L seemed to be much stronger and even more stable, compared to the one at 400 mg/L. This was traceable to the better adaptation of P. putida to lower concentrations of phenol as the carbon source. Furthermore, the study results established that the given PRBB could help decompose only a small portion of phenol, but outperformed in terms of containing and controlling this contaminant through reducing hydraulic conductivity.

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在层流机制下,对苯酚污染水密封和修复中的原位可渗透反应生物屏障进行性能评估
包括酚类化合物在内的石油碳氢化合物一旦释放到土壤或地下水中,就会对环境造成严重影响。在各种核心技术中,可渗透反应屏障(PRBs)是迄今为止用于遏制和控制土壤表层下此类污染物的技术。在此背景下,本研究调查了实验室规模的可渗透反应生物屏障(PRBB)中水流与生物膜之间的相互作用。为此,首先在直径为 57 毫米、高 50 厘米的圆柱上每隔 10 厘米埋设一个压力测量口,然后用平均直径为 1.78 毫米的沙子填充多孔介质,搭建了一个实验装置。此外,还利用了腐生假单胞菌(P. putida)来生成生物膜。随后,在流体力学层流机制下,含酚水以 2 升/小时的速度通过该柱。实验结果表明,细菌生长形成的生物膜可将生物屏障(BB)的孔隙率从 0.35 减小到 0.07,在苯酚浓度分别为 200 和 400 毫克/升的情况下,柱中的水压分别下降了 590 和 840 倍。在苯酚浓度为 200 和 400 毫克/升时,所需的生物膜还能依次去除 40% 和 30% 的苯酚。探索不同层中水力传导性的变化以及显微图像进一步表明,与苯酚浓度为 400 毫克/升的生物膜相比,在苯酚浓度为 200 毫克/升时形成的生物膜似乎更强,甚至更稳定。这可追溯到 P. putida 对低浓度苯酚碳源的适应性更强。此外,研究结果表明,给定的 PRBB 只能帮助分解一小部分苯酚,但在通过降低水导率来控制苯酚污染方面却表现出色。
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来源期刊
Acta Geotechnica
Acta Geotechnica ENGINEERING, GEOLOGICAL-
CiteScore
9.90
自引率
17.50%
发文量
297
审稿时长
4 months
期刊介绍: Acta Geotechnica is an international journal devoted to the publication and dissemination of basic and applied research in geoengineering – an interdisciplinary field dealing with geomaterials such as soils and rocks. Coverage emphasizes the interplay between geomechanical models and their engineering applications. The journal presents original research papers on fundamental concepts in geomechanics and their novel applications in geoengineering based on experimental, analytical and/or numerical approaches. The main purpose of the journal is to foster understanding of the fundamental mechanisms behind the phenomena and processes in geomaterials, from kilometer-scale problems as they occur in geoscience, and down to the nano-scale, with their potential impact on geoengineering. The journal strives to report and archive progress in the field in a timely manner, presenting research papers, review articles, short notes and letters to the editors.
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