Role of the Mast Cell–Neuron Tandem in Cardiac Function Regulation in Cardiovascular Pathologies

IF 0.6 4区生物学 Q4 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Journal of Evolutionary Biochemistry and Physiology Pub Date : 2024-04-26 DOI:10.1134/s0022093024020145

M. P. Morozova, A. D. Kurenkova, B. A. Umarova

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Abstract

The review addresses new data on the involvement of mast cells (MCs) in the regulation of cardiac function during the development of some cardiovascular pathologies. Under normal conditions, the number of MCs in the heart is very small compared to their abundance in barrier tissues. They provide cardiac tissue homeostasis and the life-long interaction of the heart with the nervous and endocrine systems. Cardiac pathology is accompanied by the development of the inflammatory response, with MCs playing a significant role at all stages of this process. The number of MCs significantly increases as myocardial infarction, cardiac fibrosis and coronary atherosclerosis develop. Meanwhile, their pathogenic contribution to cardiovascular pathologies is ambiguous because, on the one hand, it is aimed at cardiac tissue adaptation to injury, while on the other hand, the avalanche-like synthesis and release of mediators from activated MCs exacerbates the clinical course of the process. As a result, MCs change their secretory profile, interfere in the realization of cardiac functions against the background of inflammation, but at the same time modulate the afferent information flow from the heart and efferent influences of the nervous system. The coordinated activity of the system loses its stability, leading as a rule to severe consequences for the whole organism. The current status quo analysis of the problem indicates that cardiac activity depends on the functional state of MCs and their complex interaction with the nervous system both under normal conditions and, especially, against the background of developing pathological processes.

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肥大细胞-神经元串联在心血管病变中心功能调节中的作用

摘要本文综述了有关肥大细胞（MCs）在某些心血管病变发展过程中参与调节心脏功能的新数据。在正常情况下，与屏障组织中肥大细胞的数量相比，心脏中肥大细胞的数量非常少。心脏病变伴随着炎症反应的发展，MCs 在这一过程的各个阶段都发挥着重要作用。随着心肌梗塞、心脏纤维化和冠状动脉粥样硬化的发展，MCs 的数量明显增加。同时，MCs 对心血管病变的致病作用并不明确，因为一方面，MCs 的作用是使心脏组织适应损伤，而另一方面，活化的 MCs 类似雪崩一样合成和释放介质，加剧了这一过程的临床过程。因此，MCs 改变了其分泌特征，在炎症背景下干扰了心脏功能的实现，但同时也调节了来自心脏的传入信息流和神经系统的传出影响。系统的协调活动失去了稳定性，通常会给整个机体带来严重后果。对这一问题的现状分析表明，心脏活动取决于 MCs 的功能状态及其与神经系统的复杂相互作用，这既表现在正常情况下，也表现在病理过程发展的背景下。

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来源期刊

Journal of Evolutionary Biochemistry and Physiology 生物-进化生物学

自引率

33.30%

发文量

110

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： Journal of Evolutionary Biochemistry and Physiology publishes original experimental and theoretical and review articles related to evolution of the main forms of metabolism in connection with life origin; comparative and ontogenetic physiology and biochemistry, biochemical evolution of animal world; as well as evolution of functions; morphology, pharmacology, pathophysiology and ecological physiology. The journal welcomes manuscripts from all countries in the English or Russian language.