A fast and robust quantum random number generator with a self-contained integrated photonic randomness core

Abstract

Generating random numbers securely and at a high rate is important for information technology. Integrated photonics could potentially be used to create mass-manufactured quantum random number generators. However, the development of robust and scalable approaches that are compatible with industrial deployment is challenging. Here, we report a fast quantum random number generator based on a photonic integrated circuit directly embedded on an electronic platform. We manufacture eight boards, which harvest randomness from an optical entropy core and process and distribute it in real time. We benchmark performance over a week of continuous gigahertz operation. We deploy our quantum random number generator in a quantum key distribution system and, despite operating in an uncontrolled environment, the physical randomness features minimal variations over 2.9 million histograms collected over 38 days. We also use a security model with our quantum random number generator to adjust the rate of the randomness content generated and demonstrate secure generation at 2 Gbit s−1. An integrated photonic circuit that is directly embedded on an electronic platform can generate random numbers at a rate of 2 Gbit s−1.