Effects of local time on the variations of the total electron contents at an American and Asian longitudes and their comparison with IRI-2016, IRI-Plas2017 and NeQuick-2 models during solar cycle 24

IF 1.8 4区地球科学 Q3 GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics Pub Date : 2024-06-01 DOI:10.1016/j.jastp.2024.106271

Yusuf Olanrewaju Kayode , Daniel Okoh , Eugene Oghenakpobor Onori , Oluwafunmilayo Oluwayemisi Ometan , Rafiu Bolaji Adegbola , Aghogho Ogwala , Emmanuel Olufemi Somoye , Rasaq Adewemimo Adeniji-Adele

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Abstract

Ionospheric modelling is one of the major tools to study the behavior of the ionosphere. Ionospheric models have been useful in predicting the true state of the ionosphere particularly in regions where Global Positioning System (GPS) are not readily available. This research paper aims to study the longitudinal variations and the effects of local time on the total electron content (TEC) recorded in two different sectors (Asia and America) during the ascending, maximum and descending phases of solar cycle 24 (2011–2017) and also to compare its values to IRI-2016, IRI-Plas2017 and NeQuick-2 models in order to evaluate their performances. An hourly interval profile computed on seasonal basis were used to study the behaviors of TEC diurnally and seasonally. A monthly interval error profile plotted on annual basis was also used to investigate the deviations of the models from the GPS values. Our results showed that the peak values of TEC in the Asian and American sectors were recorded around the dawn,06:00UT (13:00LT) and dusk, 18:00UT (15:00LT) respectively. We also affirmed from our results that seasonal/winter anomalies were recorded in all the phases of the solar cycle in both sectors. Equinoctial Asymmetry was also observed to be predominant during different phases of the solar cycle in both sectors except during ascending and descending phases in the Asian and American sectors respectively. Out of the 168 months of data collated for this study, only 162 months of data were available. The IRI-2016, IRI-Plas2017 and NeQuick-2 models have 11.7%, 23.5% and 64.8% better performance in all the months under consideration. Therefore, the NeQuick-2 model had the best performance in both the Asian and American sectors. Finally, from the results of our statistical analysis, Mean Absolute Error (MAE) has ∼3 TECU lower than the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) values in both sectors and in all the solar cycle phase. Hence, MAE can evaluate the performance of ionospheric models better than RMSE.

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太阳周期 24 期间当地时间对美洲和亚洲经度总电子含量变化的影响及其与 IRI-2016、IRI-Plas2017 和 NeQuick-2 模型的比较。

电离层建模是研究电离层行为的主要工具之一。电离层模型有助于预测电离层的真实状态，特别是在没有全球定位系统（GPS）的地区。本研究论文旨在研究太阳周期24（2011-2017年）的上升、最大和下降阶段在两个不同地区（亚洲和美洲）记录的电子总含量（TEC）的纵向变化和当地时间的影响，并将其值与IRI-2016、IRI-Plas2017和NeQuick-2模型进行比较，以评估其性能。利用按季节计算的每小时间隔剖面图来研究 TEC 在昼夜和季节中的表现。此外，还使用按年绘制的月间隔误差曲线来研究模型与全球定位系统值的偏差。结果表明，亚洲和美洲扇区的 TEC 峰值分别出现在黎明 06:00（北京时间 13:00）和黄昏 18:00（北京时间 15:00）前后。我们的结果还证实，两个扇区在太阳周期的所有阶段都记录到了季节/冬季异常。除了亚洲区和美洲区分别在太阳周期的上升和下降阶段外，我们还观察到两个区在太阳周期的不同阶段都存在赤道不对称现象。在为本研究整理的 168 个月数据中，只有 162 个月的数据可用。IRI-2016 模型、IRI-Plas2017 模型和 NeQuick-2 模型在所有月份的表现分别比 IRI-2016 模型、IRI-Plas2017 模型和 NeQuick-2 模型好 11.7%、23.5% 和 64.8%。因此，NeQuick-2 模型在亚洲板块和美洲板块的表现都是最好的。最后，从我们的统计分析结果来看，平均绝对误差（MAE）比均方根误差（RMSE）值低 3 TECU，在两个部门和所有太阳周期阶段都是如此。因此，MAE 比 RMSE 更能评估电离层模型的性能。

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来源期刊

Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics 地学-地球化学与地球物理

CiteScore

4.10

自引率

5.30%

发文量

审稿时长

6 months

期刊介绍： The Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics (JASTP) is an international journal concerned with the inter-disciplinary science of the Earth''s atmospheric and space environment, especially the highly varied and highly variable physical phenomena that occur in this natural laboratory and the processes that couple them. The journal covers the physical processes operating in the troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, ionosphere, magnetosphere, the Sun, interplanetary medium, and heliosphere. Phenomena occurring in other "spheres", solar influences on climate, and supporting laboratory measurements are also considered. The journal deals especially with the coupling between the different regions. Solar flares, coronal mass ejections, and other energetic events on the Sun create interesting and important perturbations in the near-Earth space environment. The physics of such "space weather" is central to the Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics and the journal welcomes papers that lead in the direction of a predictive understanding of the coupled system. Regarding the upper atmosphere, the subjects of aeronomy, geomagnetism and geoelectricity, auroral phenomena, radio wave propagation, and plasma instabilities, are examples within the broad field of solar-terrestrial physics which emphasise the energy exchange between the solar wind, the magnetospheric and ionospheric plasmas, and the neutral gas. In the lower atmosphere, topics covered range from mesoscale to global scale dynamics, to atmospheric electricity, lightning and its effects, and to anthropogenic changes.