Care practices of contact lens solutions and microbial contamination among wearers in Ghana

Abstract

Purpose

This study sought to assess contact lens solutions care practices, and their microbial contamination among contact lens wearers in Ghana and to profile their antibiotic susceptibility pattern.

Methods

The study employed a biphasic approach which involved a cross-sectional design that investigated participants’ habits related to care for the solutions with a two-part questionnaire and a microbiological analysis of samples of contact lens care solutions of the participants for microbial contamination. A snowball sampling method provided access to 32 different contact lens wearers in four care facilities in Ghana. In most cases, the participants had no pre-existing familial relationship with each other or with the care facilities.

Results

Out of 32 samples of contact lens solutions, 30 were tested for microbial contamination. A total of 23 (76.67 %) samples of contact lens solution were found to be contaminated with Enterobacter sp. (34.80 %), Pseudomonas sp. (21.70 %), Bacilli sp. (21.70 %), Klebsiella sp. (17.20 %), and Escherichia coli (4.60 %). The duration of solution storage in the open bottle and nonadherence to manufacturer instructions for solution storage showed a statistically significant association with microbial contamination (p ≤ 0.05).

Conclusion

Contact lens care solutions have been found to harbour multiple antibiotic-resistant bacteria that are potentially pathogenic to the corneal surface. The contamination is associated with some unhealthy solution-care practices among wearers.