Influence of Black pepper (Piper nigrum L) Seed Extract in Methanol against Gram Positive Staphylococcus aureus and Gram-Negative Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Abstract

Antibiotics' usefulness is threatened by multi-drugs resistance in harmful microorganisms because of abuse and regulatory problems. Emerging microbes, resistance mechanisms and antimicrobial drugs all require extensive investigation. Evaluation of the in vitro antibacterial activity of Methanolic extracts isolated from Black pepper seeds (Piper nigrum L.) against two infection causing pathogens, Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus and Gram-negative Pseudomonas aeruginosa. From July 2022 and June 2023, this experimental study was conducted at the Mymensingh Medical College's Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics in conjunction with the Department of Microbiology. The solvents Methanol and 10.0% Di-Methyl Sulfoxide (DMSO) were used to make the extract. Using the disc diffusion and broth dilution methods, the antibacterial activity of methanolic extract of black pepper seeds (MBPE) was evaluated at various doses. Using the broth dilution procedure, the conventional antibiotic Ciprofloxacin was utilized, and the outcome was contrasted with that of Methanol extracts. Methanolic extract of black pepper seeds (MBPE) at seven distinct concentrations (100, 80, 60, 40, 20, 10 and 5mg/ml) were utilized, then later in chosen concentrations as needed to confirm the extracts' more precise margin of antimicrobial sensitivity. At 80mg/ml and above doses of the MBPE, it had an inhibitory impact against the aforementioned microorganisms. For Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa the MIC were 60 and 70mg/ml in MBPE respectively. As of the MIC of Ciprofloxacin was 1μg/ml against Staphylococcus aureus and 1.5μg/ml for Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In comparison to MICs of MBPE for the test organisms, the MIC of Ciprofloxacin was the lowest. This study clearly shows that Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa are sensitive to the methanolic extract of black pepper seeds' antibacterial properties.