Reducing nest box entrance diameter impacts mammal occupancy

IF 2.8 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 ECOLOGY Restoration Ecology Pub Date : 2024-06-25 DOI:10.1111/rec.14211
Alexander Hendry, Andrew M. Rogers, Salit Kark
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Abstract

Tree hollows are an important resource for cavity‐nesting birdlife. When large, old trees are removed from a landscape, nest boxes are often installed as part of restoration efforts to replace lost natural cavities. If nest boxes are to be successful conservation tools, non‐target species, particularly competitive and predatory species, need to be prevented from entering nest boxes. Several different modifications to nest boxes aimed at excluding non‐target species have been trialed in previous studies. We tested the effectiveness of reducing the entrance diameter of nest boxes to exclude non‐target species in Southeast Queensland, Australia. We used restrictor plates to reduce the entrance diameter of nest boxes from 90 to 60 and 50 mm and compared the wildlife occupancy of nest boxes with these three entrance diameters. We found that Common brushtail possums, a predator of cavity‐nesting birds and eggs, were significantly less likely to occupy nest boxes with reduced entrance diameters and were excluded from nest boxes with a 50‐mm entrance diameter. Squirrel gliders occupied nest boxes with all three entrance diameters. Introduced species, namely the Common myna and the European honeybee, also occupied nest boxes with restrictor plates. Installation of nest boxes with reduced entrance diameters is a simple and effective strategy to exclude brushtail possums from nest boxes. However, a reduced entrance diameter cannot exclude other non‐target species, and we suggest that other exclusion strategies should be used in conjunction with reduced entrance diameters to increase the occupation of nest boxes by native birds.
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缩小巢箱入口直径会影响哺乳动物的占据率
树洞是穴巢鸟类的重要资源。当大型古树从景观中移除时,通常会安装巢箱作为恢复工作的一部分,以取代失去的天然巢穴。要使巢箱成为成功的保护工具,就必须防止非目标物种,尤其是竞争性和掠食性物种进入巢箱。在以前的研究中,对巢箱进行了几种不同的改造,旨在排除非目标物种。我们在澳大利亚昆士兰东南部测试了缩小巢箱入口直径以阻止非目标物种进入的效果。我们使用限位板将巢箱的入口直径从 90 毫米减小到 60 毫米和 50 毫米,并比较了这三种入口直径的巢箱对野生动物的占用情况。我们发现,普通刷尾负鼠是穴巢鸟类和鸟蛋的捕食者,它们占据入口直径减小的巢箱的可能性明显降低,入口直径为 50 毫米的巢箱则将它们排除在外。松鼠滑翔机占据了所有三种入口直径的巢箱。外来物种,即普通蜜蜂和欧洲蜜蜂,也占据了装有限位板的巢箱。安装入口直径变小的巢箱是一种简单有效的巢箱防刷尾负鼠策略。然而,缩小入口直径并不能将其他非目标物种排除在外,我们建议在缩小入口直径的同时使用其他排除策略,以增加本地鸟类对巢箱的占用。
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来源期刊
Restoration Ecology
Restoration Ecology 环境科学-生态学
CiteScore
6.50
自引率
15.60%
发文量
226
审稿时长
12-24 weeks
期刊介绍: Restoration Ecology fosters the exchange of ideas among the many disciplines involved with ecological restoration. Addressing global concerns and communicating them to the international research community and restoration practitioners, the journal is at the forefront of a vital new direction in science, ecology, and policy. Original papers describe experimental, observational, and theoretical studies on terrestrial, marine, and freshwater systems, and are considered without taxonomic bias. Contributions span the natural sciences, including ecological and biological aspects, as well as the restoration of soil, air and water when set in an ecological context; and the social sciences, including cultural, philosophical, political, educational, economic and historical aspects. Edited by a distinguished panel, the journal continues to be a major conduit for researchers to publish their findings in the fight to not only halt ecological damage, but also to ultimately reverse it.
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