Frequency of association: a key indicator for assessing livestock grazing effects on dryland plant interactions, applicable in restoration

IF 2.8 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 ECOLOGY Restoration Ecology Pub Date : 2024-09-13 DOI:10.1111/rec.14275
Mariana Tadey, Yamila Ivon Pelliza, Anahí Rocío Fernandez
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Abstract

In arid ecosystems, vegetation patches promote biological activity and ecosystem functioning through species interactions that mitigate adverse environmental impacts. However, overgrazing disrupts those interactions, contributing to desertification. We investigated livestock influence on spatial vegetation patterns through the modification of the frequency and type of associations (i.e. number of associated species within a vegetation patch) among types of successional species (i.e. early, intermediate, and late). We studied vegetation in nine rangelands with varying stocking rates (treatments) within the Monte Desert region. We postulated three hypotheses: (1) Grazing simplifies community structure, increasing the frequency of isolated individuals and reducing the association diversity among plant species; (2) competition between plants favors the associations among species with different ecological niche requirements, reducing competition, enhancing facilitation, and regulating the association frequency among species; (3) grazing modifies plant competition and patterns of association among species. We found that with increasing stocking rates, the frequency of isolated individuals increased while association diversity declined. Associations between species with dissimilar niche requirements (e.g. early–late) were more frequent than those with similar needs (e.g. early–early). Livestock grazing modified plant competition, leading to an increased frequency of associations among species with similar requirements. Therefore, the association frequency among types of species in these drylands clearly reflected the degradation process along a grazing gradient, aiding in understanding plant ecological interactions. The association frequency could be implemented as an indicator in diagnostic and monitoring stages of restoration processes.
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关联频率:评估牲畜放牧对旱地植物相互作用影响的关键指标,适用于恢复工作
在干旱生态系统中,植被斑块通过物种间的相互作用促进生物活动和生态系统功能,从而减轻对环境的不利影响。然而,过度放牧会破坏这些相互作用,导致荒漠化。我们通过改变演替物种类型(即早期、中期和晚期)之间关联的频率和类型(即植被斑块内关联物种的数量),研究了牲畜对空间植被模式的影响。我们研究了蒙特沙漠地区九个不同放养率(处理)牧场的植被。我们提出了三个假设:(1)放牧简化了群落结构,增加了孤立个体的出现频率,降低了植物物种间的关联多样性;(2)植物间的竞争有利于具有不同生态位要求的物种间的关联,减少了竞争,增强了促进作用,调节了物种间的关联频率;(3)放牧改变了植物间的竞争和物种间的关联模式。我们发现,随着放牧率的增加,孤立个体的频率增加,而关联多样性下降。对生态位要求不同(如早-晚)的物种之间的联系比对生态位要求相似(如早-早)的物种之间的联系更频繁。牲畜放牧改变了植物竞争,导致需求相似的物种之间的关联频率增加。因此,这些旱地物种类型之间的关联频率清楚地反映了沿放牧梯度的退化过程,有助于了解植物的生态相互作用。关联频率可作为恢复过程诊断和监测阶段的一项指标。
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来源期刊
Restoration Ecology
Restoration Ecology 环境科学-生态学
CiteScore
6.50
自引率
15.60%
发文量
226
审稿时长
12-24 weeks
期刊介绍: Restoration Ecology fosters the exchange of ideas among the many disciplines involved with ecological restoration. Addressing global concerns and communicating them to the international research community and restoration practitioners, the journal is at the forefront of a vital new direction in science, ecology, and policy. Original papers describe experimental, observational, and theoretical studies on terrestrial, marine, and freshwater systems, and are considered without taxonomic bias. Contributions span the natural sciences, including ecological and biological aspects, as well as the restoration of soil, air and water when set in an ecological context; and the social sciences, including cultural, philosophical, political, educational, economic and historical aspects. Edited by a distinguished panel, the journal continues to be a major conduit for researchers to publish their findings in the fight to not only halt ecological damage, but also to ultimately reverse it.
期刊最新文献
How does restoration ecology consider climate change uncertainties in forested ecosystems? Does decline and recovery process affect clonal and genetic diversity of a coastal plant population? Salt tolerance of native trees relevant to the restoration of degraded landscapes in the Monte region, Argentina Frequency of association: a key indicator for assessing livestock grazing effects on dryland plant interactions, applicable in restoration Low retention of restocked laboratory‐reared long‐spined sea urchins Diadema antillarum due to Spanish hogfish Bodianus rufus predation
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