Seed dormancy, germination requirements, and implications of herbicides for Penstemon albidus and P. nitidus

IF 2.8 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 ECOLOGY Restoration Ecology Pub Date : 2024-07-05 DOI:10.1111/rec.14228
Gregory A. Cooper, Gabrielle A. Bolwerk, A. Joshua Leffler, Lora B. Perkins
{"title":"Seed dormancy, germination requirements, and implications of herbicides for Penstemon albidus and P. nitidus","authors":"Gregory A. Cooper, Gabrielle A. Bolwerk, A. Joshua Leffler, Lora B. Perkins","doi":"10.1111/rec.14228","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Seed‐based restoration is dependent on seed germination, and poor germination can cause restoration failure. Many restoration failures can be attributed to a lack of knowledge of germination characteristics, species‐specific seed dormancy, or the effects of widely used herbicides on germination. White penstemon (<jats:italic>Penstemon albidus</jats:italic>) and Waxleaf penstemon (<jats:italic>P. nitidus</jats:italic>) are native to the Northern Great Plains region of North America, and increased germination of these species would contribute to improved restoration in the region. We performed two concurrent experiments to determine: (1) the germination requirements and dormancy class of these species; and (2) the effects of herbicides on germination. To determine germination requirements, we applied pretreatments (scarification, smoke, and KNO<jats:sub>3</jats:sub>) and three durations (2, 4, and 8 weeks) of cold and warm stratification. To test the effects of herbicides on germination, three commonly used herbicides (atrazine, trifluralin, and 2,4‐D) were applied at six concentrations (100, 50, 10, 1, 0.1, and 0% of the recommended field application rate). Germination characteristics indicate both species express physiological dormancy. Physiological dormancy denotes an embryo with low growth potential that is unable to overcome mechanical constraints but can be alleviated with proper temperature cues. Both species required cold stratification, with <jats:italic>P. nitidus</jats:italic> needing a longer period (8 weeks) than <jats:italic>P. albidus</jats:italic> (4 weeks). Final germination percentage of <jats:italic>P. albidus</jats:italic> decreased with higher doses of 2,4‐D but was not affected by atrazine or trifluralin. These experiments help to create protocol for the use of our study species, as well as other species, in restoration plantings.","PeriodicalId":54487,"journal":{"name":"Restoration Ecology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8000,"publicationDate":"2024-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Restoration Ecology","FirstCategoryId":"93","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1111/rec.14228","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"ECOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0

Abstract

Seed‐based restoration is dependent on seed germination, and poor germination can cause restoration failure. Many restoration failures can be attributed to a lack of knowledge of germination characteristics, species‐specific seed dormancy, or the effects of widely used herbicides on germination. White penstemon (Penstemon albidus) and Waxleaf penstemon (P. nitidus) are native to the Northern Great Plains region of North America, and increased germination of these species would contribute to improved restoration in the region. We performed two concurrent experiments to determine: (1) the germination requirements and dormancy class of these species; and (2) the effects of herbicides on germination. To determine germination requirements, we applied pretreatments (scarification, smoke, and KNO3) and three durations (2, 4, and 8 weeks) of cold and warm stratification. To test the effects of herbicides on germination, three commonly used herbicides (atrazine, trifluralin, and 2,4‐D) were applied at six concentrations (100, 50, 10, 1, 0.1, and 0% of the recommended field application rate). Germination characteristics indicate both species express physiological dormancy. Physiological dormancy denotes an embryo with low growth potential that is unable to overcome mechanical constraints but can be alleviated with proper temperature cues. Both species required cold stratification, with P. nitidus needing a longer period (8 weeks) than P. albidus (4 weeks). Final germination percentage of P. albidus decreased with higher doses of 2,4‐D but was not affected by atrazine or trifluralin. These experiments help to create protocol for the use of our study species, as well as other species, in restoration plantings.
查看原文
分享 分享
微信好友 朋友圈 QQ好友 复制链接
本刊更多论文
种子休眠、发芽要求以及除草剂对白茎槟榔和硝茎槟榔的影响
以种子为基础的恢复工作取决于种子的萌发,萌发不良会导致恢复失败。许多恢复失败的原因可能是缺乏对萌芽特性的了解、物种特有的种子休眠或广泛使用的除草剂对萌芽的影响。白花五步蛇(Penstemon albidus)和蜡叶五步蛇(P. nitidus)原产于北美北部大平原地区,提高这些物种的发芽率将有助于改善该地区的恢复工作。我们同时进行了两项实验,以确定:(1) 这些物种的发芽要求和休眠等级;(2) 除草剂对发芽的影响。为了确定萌芽要求,我们进行了预处理(除痕、烟熏和 KNO3)和三种持续时间(2、4 和 8 周)的冷暖分层。为了测试除草剂对发芽的影响,我们施用了六种浓度的常用除草剂(阿特拉津、氟乐灵和 2,4-D)(建议田间施用量的 100%、50%、10%、1%、0.1% 和 0%)。发芽特征表明这两种植物都表现出生理休眠。生理休眠是指胚胎生长潜力低,无法克服机械限制,但可以通过适当的温度提示来缓解。两个物种都需要低温分层,其中 P. nitidus 需要的时间(8 周)比 P. albidus(4 周)长。2,4-D的剂量越高,白花前胡的最终发芽率越低,但阿特拉津或三氟拉林对其没有影响。这些实验有助于为我们研究的物种以及其他物种在恢复性种植中的使用制定规程。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
求助全文
约1分钟内获得全文 去求助
来源期刊
Restoration Ecology
Restoration Ecology 环境科学-生态学
CiteScore
6.50
自引率
15.60%
发文量
226
审稿时长
12-24 weeks
期刊介绍: Restoration Ecology fosters the exchange of ideas among the many disciplines involved with ecological restoration. Addressing global concerns and communicating them to the international research community and restoration practitioners, the journal is at the forefront of a vital new direction in science, ecology, and policy. Original papers describe experimental, observational, and theoretical studies on terrestrial, marine, and freshwater systems, and are considered without taxonomic bias. Contributions span the natural sciences, including ecological and biological aspects, as well as the restoration of soil, air and water when set in an ecological context; and the social sciences, including cultural, philosophical, political, educational, economic and historical aspects. Edited by a distinguished panel, the journal continues to be a major conduit for researchers to publish their findings in the fight to not only halt ecological damage, but also to ultimately reverse it.
期刊最新文献
How does restoration ecology consider climate change uncertainties in forested ecosystems? Does decline and recovery process affect clonal and genetic diversity of a coastal plant population? Salt tolerance of native trees relevant to the restoration of degraded landscapes in the Monte region, Argentina Frequency of association: a key indicator for assessing livestock grazing effects on dryland plant interactions, applicable in restoration Low retention of restocked laboratory‐reared long‐spined sea urchins Diadema antillarum due to Spanish hogfish Bodianus rufus predation
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
现在去查看 取消
×
提示
确定
0
微信
客服QQ
Book学术公众号 扫码关注我们
反馈
×
意见反馈
请填写您的意见或建议
请填写您的手机或邮箱
已复制链接
已复制链接
快去分享给好友吧!
我知道了
×
扫码分享
扫码分享
Book学术官方微信
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术
文献互助 智能选刊 最新文献 互助须知 联系我们:info@booksci.cn
Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。
Copyright © 2023 Book学术 All rights reserved.
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号 京ICP备2023020795号-1