Gestational Syphilis In Santos/Sp: Epidemiologic Analysis From 2016 To 2022

Abstract

Introduction: This study analyzes the incidence and trends of gestational syphilis in the city of Santos/SP between 2016 and 2022. Syphilis is a sexually transmitted infection caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum, which can be transmitted from mother to fetus during pregnancy if not properly treated. In Brazil, congenital syphilis is a public health concern and has been compulsorily notifiable since 1986. Objectives: The study aims to describe the epidemiological profile of syphilis in pregnant women in Santos/SP, analyzing the number of reported cases and detection rates over the years, comparing with national and state data. It also aims to contribute to a better understanding of local dynamics and public health policies related to syphilis among pregnant women. Methodology: An ecological descriptive study was used to analyze secondary data from the São Paulo State Epidemiological Surveillance Center (CVESP). The data was obtained from the Santos Epidemiological Bulletin No. 5, 2023 edition. Results: Santos recorded a total of 1,049 confirmed cases of gestational syphilis during the period analyzed, with significant variations from year to year. There was an increase in reported cases, with peaks in 2021 and 2022. Detection rates also varied, with Santos showing rates higher than the national and state averages at various times. Conclusion: The study reveals significant challenges in the management of gestational syphilis in Santos/SP, indicating the need for effective public health interventions. It is essential to implement policies aimed at improving early diagnosis, timely treatment and prevention of vertical transmission, in order to reduce congenital syphilis rates and protect maternal and neonatal health in the city