House of Worship Mass Shooting: The Influence of Defendant Age, Religion, and Victim Religion on Mock-Juror Decision-Making

IF 1.7 Q2 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY Journal of Police and Criminal Psychology Pub Date : 2024-07-22 DOI:10.1007/s11896-024-09695-6
Alexia Vettese, Emily Pica, Joanna Pozzulo
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Abstract

Little is known about how defendant and victim religion influence juror decision-making outcomes in cases of extreme violent crime. The current study sought to examine whether defendant age (16- vs. 35-years-old), and defendant and victim religion (Christian vs. Muslim) influenced mock-jurors’ perceptions and verdict decisions in a religiously motivated mass shooting context. Participants (N = 321) read a mock-trial transcript describing the alleged mass shooting occurring at a place of worship. Participants were asked to provide verdict decisions, rate their perceptions of the defendant and victim, and answer questions related to religious bias and moral outrage toward the defendant. Overall, defendant religion influenced mock-jurors’ judgments such that Christian defendants received more guilty verdicts and less favourable perceptions than Muslim defendants, and victims were perceived more favourably when the defendant was Christian. Moreover, victim religion only influenced guilt ratings, such that mock-jurors were more likely to assign higher guilt ratings to a defendant when the victim was described as Muslim. Moral outrage partially mediated the effect of defendant religion and mock-juror perceptions of the defendant. The results of this study concluded that while defendant age and victim religion have little influence, defendant religion is greatly influential to juror decision-making. This research provides new insight regarding how influential defendant religion is in legal decision-making, and how moral outrage toward the defendant may have practical implications for legal decision-making.

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宗教场所大规模枪击案:被告年龄、宗教信仰和受害者宗教信仰对模拟陪审员决策的影响
关于被告和受害人的宗教信仰如何影响陪审员在极端暴力犯罪案件中的决策结果,人们知之甚少。本研究试图考察被告年龄(16 岁对 35 岁)、被告和受害人宗教信仰(基督教对穆斯林)是否会影响模拟陪审员在有宗教动机的大规模枪击案中的看法和判决决定。参与者(N = 321)阅读了一份模拟审判记录,其中描述了据称发生在一个礼拜场所的大规模枪击事件。参与者被要求做出判决决定,评价他们对被告和受害者的看法,并回答与宗教偏见和对被告的道德愤怒相关的问题。总体而言,被告的宗教信仰影响了模拟陪审员的判断,因此与穆斯林被告相比,基督教被告获得的有罪判决更多,获得的好感度更低,而当被告是基督徒时,受害者获得的好感度更高。此外,受害人的宗教信仰只影响有罪评价,当受害人被描述为穆斯林时,模拟陪审员更有可能给予被告较高的有罪评价。道德义愤在一定程度上调节了被告宗教信仰和模拟陪审员对被告看法的影响。研究结果表明,虽然被告年龄和受害人宗教信仰对陪审员的决策影响不大,但被告的宗教信仰对陪审员的决策影响很大。这项研究就被告的宗教信仰对法律决策的影响,以及对被告的道德愤怒对法律决策的实际意义提供了新的见解。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
3.10
自引率
6.20%
发文量
62
期刊介绍: The Journal of Police and Criminal Psychology is a peer-reviewed journal that reports research findings regarding the theory, practice and application of psychological issues in the criminal justice context, namely law enforcement, courts, and corrections. The Journal encourages submissions focusing on Police Psychology including personnel assessment, therapeutic methods, training, ethics and effective organizational operation. The Journal also welcomes articles that focus on criminal behavior and the application of psychology to effective correctional practices and facilitating recovery among victims of crime. Consumers of and contributors to this body of research include psychologists, criminologists, sociologists, legal experts, social workers, and other professionals representing various facets of the criminal justice system, both domestic and international.
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