Cardiac Tissue Engineering: A Journey from Scaffold Fabrication to In Vitro Characterization

IF 11.1 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Small Science Pub Date : 2024-07-22 DOI:10.1002/smsc.202400079
Farinaz Ketabat, Jane Alcorn, Michael E. Kelly, Ildiko Badea, Xiongbiao Chen
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Abstract

Cardiac tissue engineering has been rapidly evolving with diverse applications, ranging from the repair of fibrotic tissue caused by “adverse remodeling,” to the replacement of specific segments of heart tissue, and ultimately to the creation of a whole heart. The repair or replacement of cardiac tissue often involves the development of tissue scaffolds or constructs and the subsequent assessment of their performance and functionality. For this, the design and/or selection of biomaterials, and cell types, scaffold fabrication, and in vitro characterizations are the first starting points, yet critical, to ensure success in subsequent implantation in vivo. This highlights the importance of scaffold fabrication and in vitro experiments/characterization with protocols for cardiac tissue engineering. Yet, a comprehensive and critical review of these has not been established and documented. As inspired, herein, the latest development and advances in scaffold fabrication and in vitro characterization for cardiac tissue engineering are critically reviewed, with focus on biomaterials, cell types, additive manufacturing techniques for scaffold fabrication, and common in vitro characterization techniques or methods. This article would be of benefit to the ones who are working on cardiac tissue engineering by providing insights into the scaffold fabrication and in vitro investigations.

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心脏组织工程:从制作支架到体外表征的旅程
心脏组织工程学发展迅速,应用多种多样,从修复 "不良重塑 "引起的纤维组织,到替换心脏组织的特定部分,最终到创建整个心脏。心脏组织的修复或替代通常涉及组织支架或构建物的开发,以及随后对其性能和功能的评估。为此,生物材料和细胞类型的设计和/或选择、支架制作和体外表征是确保随后成功植入体内的首要起点,但也是关键所在。这凸显了支架制作和体外实验/表征与心脏组织工程协议的重要性。然而,有关这些方面的全面而严谨的审查尚未建立和记录。受此启发,本文对心脏组织工程支架制作和体外表征的最新发展和进展进行了批判性综述,重点关注生物材料、细胞类型、支架制作的增材制造技术以及常见的体外表征技术或方法。这篇文章将为从事心脏组织工程研究的人员提供支架制造和体外研究方面的见解,从而使他们受益匪浅。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
14.00
自引率
2.40%
发文量
0
期刊介绍: Small Science is a premium multidisciplinary open access journal dedicated to publishing impactful research from all areas of nanoscience and nanotechnology. It features interdisciplinary original research and focused review articles on relevant topics. The journal covers design, characterization, mechanism, technology, and application of micro-/nanoscale structures and systems in various fields including physics, chemistry, materials science, engineering, environmental science, life science, biology, and medicine. It welcomes innovative interdisciplinary research and its readership includes professionals from academia and industry in fields such as chemistry, physics, materials science, biology, engineering, and environmental and analytical science. Small Science is indexed and abstracted in CAS, DOAJ, Clarivate Analytics, ProQuest Central, Publicly Available Content Database, Science Database, SCOPUS, and Web of Science.
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