Mingli Liu, Shuai Liu, Jian Yao, Yu Teng, Lin Geng, Alei Li, Lin Wang, Yunfei Li, Qing Guo, Zongjie Shen, Lixing Kang, Mingsheng Long
In recent years, wide-bandgap semiconductor β-Ga2O3 material has been widely studied because of its excellent properties. Simultaneously, 2D metal oxides (2DMOs) have also become a focus of research owing to their superior stability and unique physical properties arising from quantum confinement effects. Therefore, the exploration of 2D β-Ga2O3 is expected to reveal its novel electrical properties in electronic applications. However, the synthesis of high-quality 2D β-Ga2O3 remains a formidable challenge. Herein, a confined space is constructed to synthesize high-quality 2D β-Ga2O3 nanoflakes by enhancing the control of the kinetics of chemical vapor deposition process. In the device results, it is shown that the grown nanoflakes have excellent switching properties and potential artificial synaptic response characteristics. Based on this premise, an artificial recognition system for handwritten numerals is developed, achieving a peak recognition accuracy of approximately 96%. This system holds significant potential for application within an emerging neuromorphic recognition framework tailored for advanced driver-assistance systems. In this work, a new feasible pathway is provided for the synthesis of 2D non-layered oxides and the potential of 2D oxides in the field of neuroanalog electronics and recognition is shown, thereby advancing the fields of 2D β-Ga2O3 electronics and 2DMOs electronics.
{"title":"Space-Confined Growth of Ultrathin 2D β-Ga2O3 Nanoflakes for Artificial Neuromorphic Application","authors":"Mingli Liu, Shuai Liu, Jian Yao, Yu Teng, Lin Geng, Alei Li, Lin Wang, Yunfei Li, Qing Guo, Zongjie Shen, Lixing Kang, Mingsheng Long","doi":"10.1002/smsc.202400241","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smsc.202400241","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, wide-bandgap semiconductor β-Ga<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> material has been widely studied because of its excellent properties. Simultaneously, 2D metal oxides (2DMOs) have also become a focus of research owing to their superior stability and unique physical properties arising from quantum confinement effects. Therefore, the exploration of 2D β-Ga<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> is expected to reveal its novel electrical properties in electronic applications. However, the synthesis of high-quality 2D β-Ga<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> remains a formidable challenge. Herein, a confined space is constructed to synthesize high-quality 2D β-Ga<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> nanoflakes by enhancing the control of the kinetics of chemical vapor deposition process. In the device results, it is shown that the grown nanoflakes have excellent switching properties and potential artificial synaptic response characteristics. Based on this premise, an artificial recognition system for handwritten numerals is developed, achieving a peak recognition accuracy of approximately 96%. This system holds significant potential for application within an emerging neuromorphic recognition framework tailored for advanced driver-assistance systems. In this work, a new feasible pathway is provided for the synthesis of 2D non-layered oxides and the potential of 2D oxides in the field of neuroanalog electronics and recognition is shown, thereby advancing the fields of 2D β-Ga<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> electronics and 2DMOs electronics.","PeriodicalId":29791,"journal":{"name":"Small Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":12.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142224587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Elisa De Luca, Deborah Pedone, Anna Scarsi, Roberto Marotta, Federico Catalano, Doriana Debellis, Lorenzo Cursi, Benedetto Grimaldi, Mauro Moglianetti, Pier Paolo Pompa
Cellular Imaging
细胞成像
{"title":"Platinum Nanozyme Probes for Cellular Imaging by Electron Microscopy","authors":"Elisa De Luca, Deborah Pedone, Anna Scarsi, Roberto Marotta, Federico Catalano, Doriana Debellis, Lorenzo Cursi, Benedetto Grimaldi, Mauro Moglianetti, Pier Paolo Pompa","doi":"10.1002/smsc.202470035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smsc.202470035","url":null,"abstract":"<b>Cellular Imaging</b>","PeriodicalId":29791,"journal":{"name":"Small Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":12.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142188592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Raïssa Rathar, David Sanchez-Fuentes, Hugo Lachuer, Valentin Meire, Aude Boulay, Rudy Desgarceaux, Fabien P. Blanchet, Adrian Carretero-Genevrier, Laura Picas
Immune Cell Response
免疫细胞反应
{"title":"Tuning the Immune Cell Response through Surface Nanotopography Engineering","authors":"Raïssa Rathar, David Sanchez-Fuentes, Hugo Lachuer, Valentin Meire, Aude Boulay, Rudy Desgarceaux, Fabien P. Blanchet, Adrian Carretero-Genevrier, Laura Picas","doi":"10.1002/smsc.202470038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smsc.202470038","url":null,"abstract":"<b>Immune Cell Response</b>","PeriodicalId":29791,"journal":{"name":"Small Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":12.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142188594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yifan Wang, Xinhuan Wang, Jun Chen, Gordon Wallace, Qi Gu
Cardiovascular disease has emerged as the leading cause of death worldwide. Since coronary arteries, carotid arteries, and other blood vessels are prone to narrowing, small-diameter artificial blood channels offer a crucial solution for restoring blood flow. Ideal grafts must emulate the structure of natural blood vessels, possess adequate mechanical strength, ensure long-term patency, and incorporate functional cells with minimal immunogenicity. Enhanced cell sources and engineering methods are vital for the creation of functional small-diameter blood vessels (SDBVs). Among potential cell sources, stem cells stand out due to their ability to differentiate into multiple cell types, self-renew, and exhibit low immunogenicity. Additionally, three-dimensionally (3D) printed vascular stents have attracted widespread attention for their precision and controllable bioink application. The need for tissue-engineered blood vessels is currently rising, and innovative design concepts integrating stem cells and 3D printing present promising solutions. Herein, the construction requirements of vascular grafts are reviewed, current status of using stem cells as a cell source and 3D printing as an engineering strategy is described, and prospects and challenges for the development of SDBVs in the medical field are discussed.
{"title":"Stem-Cell-Based Small-Diameter Blood Vessels with 3D Printing","authors":"Yifan Wang, Xinhuan Wang, Jun Chen, Gordon Wallace, Qi Gu","doi":"10.1002/smsc.202400261","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smsc.202400261","url":null,"abstract":"Cardiovascular disease has emerged as the leading cause of death worldwide. Since coronary arteries, carotid arteries, and other blood vessels are prone to narrowing, small-diameter artificial blood channels offer a crucial solution for restoring blood flow. Ideal grafts must emulate the structure of natural blood vessels, possess adequate mechanical strength, ensure long-term patency, and incorporate functional cells with minimal immunogenicity. Enhanced cell sources and engineering methods are vital for the creation of functional small-diameter blood vessels (SDBVs). Among potential cell sources, stem cells stand out due to their ability to differentiate into multiple cell types, self-renew, and exhibit low immunogenicity. Additionally, three-dimensionally (3D) printed vascular stents have attracted widespread attention for their precision and controllable bioink application. The need for tissue-engineered blood vessels is currently rising, and innovative design concepts integrating stem cells and 3D printing present promising solutions. Herein, the construction requirements of vascular grafts are reviewed, current status of using stem cells as a cell source and 3D printing as an engineering strategy is described, and prospects and challenges for the development of SDBVs in the medical field are discussed.","PeriodicalId":29791,"journal":{"name":"Small Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":12.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142188597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Qun-Gao Chen, Xingke Cai, Chu-Chen Chueh, Wen-Ya Lee
Elastomeric polymer materials are of interest due to their stretchability, low-temperature processing, and scalability. In addition, the incorporation of 2D materials can further enhance the dielectric properties and capacitance of elastic polymer materials, thereby reducing the driving voltage and energy consumption. In this study, titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanosheets are cross-linked with nitrile butadiene rubber using thiol-ene click chemistry, which leads to the preparation of nanocomposite dielectric films with stretchability and high dielectric constant. Furthermore, by controlling the doping amount of the nanosheets, it is observed that the capacitance of the nanocomposite films increases from 25.61 to 684.67 nF cm−2, and the dielectric constant increases from 14.96 to 161.98. Finally, the stretchable nanocomposite films exhibit good insulating properties even at 50% strain. In this study, insight is provided into the potential of in situ cross-linking between elastic polymer materials and 2D materials to produce high-k dielectric materials with both stretchability and high insulating properties.
{"title":"Photo-Curable Stretchable High-k Polymer/TiO2 Nanosheet Hybrid Dielectrics for Field-Effect Transistors","authors":"Qun-Gao Chen, Xingke Cai, Chu-Chen Chueh, Wen-Ya Lee","doi":"10.1002/smsc.202400197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smsc.202400197","url":null,"abstract":"Elastomeric polymer materials are of interest due to their stretchability, low-temperature processing, and scalability. In addition, the incorporation of 2D materials can further enhance the dielectric properties and capacitance of elastic polymer materials, thereby reducing the driving voltage and energy consumption. In this study, titanium dioxide (TiO<sub>2</sub>) nanosheets are cross-linked with nitrile butadiene rubber using thiol-ene click chemistry, which leads to the preparation of nanocomposite dielectric films with stretchability and high dielectric constant. Furthermore, by controlling the doping amount of the nanosheets, it is observed that the capacitance of the nanocomposite films increases from 25.61 to 684.67 nF cm<sup>−2</sup>, and the dielectric constant increases from 14.96 to 161.98. Finally, the stretchable nanocomposite films exhibit good insulating properties even at 50% strain. In this study, insight is provided into the potential of in situ cross-linking between elastic polymer materials and 2D materials to produce high-k dielectric materials with both stretchability and high insulating properties.","PeriodicalId":29791,"journal":{"name":"Small Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":12.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142188595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shaoyang Wang, Tim Kodalle, Sam Millar, Carolin M. Sutter-Fella, Lethy Krishnan Jagadamma
Halide perovskite indoor photovoltaics (PVs) are highly promising to autonomously power the billions of microelectronic sensors in the emerging and disruptive technology of the Internet of Things (IoT). However, how the wide range of different types of hole extraction layers (HELs) impacts the indoor light harvesting of perovskite solar cells is still elusive, which hinders the material selection and industrial-scale fabrication of indoor perovskite photovoltaics. In the present study, new insights are provided regarding the judicial selection of HELs at the buried interface of halide perovskite indoor photovoltaics. This study unravels the detrimental and severe light-soaking effect of metal oxide transport layer-based PV devices under the indoor lighting effect for the first time, which then necessitates the interface passivation/engineering for their reliant performance. This is not a stringent criterion under 1 sun illumination. By systematically investigating the charge carrier dynamics and sequence of measurements from dark, light-soaked, interlayer-passivated device, the bulk and interface defects are decoupled and reveal the gradual defect passivation from shallow to deep level traps. Thus, the present study puts forward a useful design strategy to overcome the deleterious effect of metal oxide HELs and employ them in halide perovskite indoor PVs.
{"title":"Metal Oxide vs Organic Semiconductor Charge Extraction Layers for Halide Perovskite Indoor Photovoltaics","authors":"Shaoyang Wang, Tim Kodalle, Sam Millar, Carolin M. Sutter-Fella, Lethy Krishnan Jagadamma","doi":"10.1002/smsc.202400292","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smsc.202400292","url":null,"abstract":"Halide perovskite indoor photovoltaics (PVs) are highly promising to autonomously power the billions of microelectronic sensors in the emerging and disruptive technology of the Internet of Things (IoT). However, how the wide range of different types of hole extraction layers (HELs) impacts the indoor light harvesting of perovskite solar cells is still elusive, which hinders the material selection and industrial-scale fabrication of indoor perovskite photovoltaics. In the present study, new insights are provided regarding the judicial selection of HELs at the buried interface of halide perovskite indoor photovoltaics. This study unravels the detrimental and severe light-soaking effect of metal oxide transport layer-based PV devices under the indoor lighting effect for the first time, which then necessitates the interface passivation/engineering for their reliant performance. This is not a stringent criterion under 1 sun illumination. By systematically investigating the charge carrier dynamics and sequence of measurements from dark, light-soaked, interlayer-passivated device, the bulk and interface defects are decoupled and reveal the gradual defect passivation from shallow to deep level traps. Thus, the present study puts forward a useful design strategy to overcome the deleterious effect of metal oxide HELs and employ them in halide perovskite indoor PVs.","PeriodicalId":29791,"journal":{"name":"Small Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":12.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142188829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The regulation of glial cell activation is a critical step for the treatment or prevention of neuroinflammation-based brain diseases. However, the development of therapeutic drugs that pass the blood–brain barrier (BBB) and inhibit the glia cell activation remains a significant challenge. Herein, an ultrasmall 2D vanadium carbide quantum dots (V2C QDs) that are capable of crossing the BBB are prepared, and the admirable anti-neuroinflammatory effects are presented. The prepared 2D V2C QDs with an average size of 2.54 nm show good hydrophilicity, physiological stability, and effective BBB-crossing ability. The biological effect of V2C QDs on inflammatory reactions demonstrates fascinating results in preventing the impairment of learning and memory in BALB/c mice stimulated by lipopolysaccharide. Investigation of molecular mechanism reveals that V2C QDs not only inhibit the toll-like receptor 4/myeloid differentiation factor 88-mediated nuclear factor kappa B and mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways, but also prevent eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2α/activating transcription factor 4/C/EBP homologous protein-signaling pathway and reduce oxidative stress via activating the NF-E2-related factor-2/heme oxygenase-1-signaling pathway, leading to greatly inhibited activation of microglia and astrocytes and weakened production of inflammatory cytokines. In summary, V2C QDs exert potent anti-inflammatory effects through multiple pathways, thus offer great potential for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
{"title":"Vanadium Carbide Quantum Dots Exert Efficient Anti-Inflammatory Effects in Lipopolysaccharide-Induced BV2 Microglia and Mice","authors":"Zhijun He, Qiqi Yang, Xiaoqian Li, Zi Wang, Shengwu Wen, Ming-Jie Dong, Weiyun Zhang, Youcong Gong, Zijia Zhou, Qiong Liu, Haifeng Dong","doi":"10.1002/smsc.202300334","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smsc.202300334","url":null,"abstract":"The regulation of glial cell activation is a critical step for the treatment or prevention of neuroinflammation-based brain diseases. However, the development of therapeutic drugs that pass the blood–brain barrier (BBB) and inhibit the glia cell activation remains a significant challenge. Herein, an ultrasmall 2D vanadium carbide quantum dots (V<sub>2</sub>C QDs) that are capable of crossing the BBB are prepared, and the admirable anti-neuroinflammatory effects are presented. The prepared 2D V<sub>2</sub>C QDs with an average size of 2.54 nm show good hydrophilicity, physiological stability, and effective BBB-crossing ability. The biological effect of V<sub>2</sub>C QDs on inflammatory reactions demonstrates fascinating results in preventing the impairment of learning and memory in BALB/c mice stimulated by lipopolysaccharide. Investigation of molecular mechanism reveals that V<sub>2</sub>C QDs not only inhibit the toll-like receptor 4/myeloid differentiation factor 88-mediated nuclear factor kappa B and mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways, but also prevent eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2α/activating transcription factor 4/C/EBP homologous protein-signaling pathway and reduce oxidative stress via activating the NF-E2-related factor-2/heme oxygenase-1-signaling pathway, leading to greatly inhibited activation of microglia and astrocytes and weakened production of inflammatory cytokines. In summary, V<sub>2</sub>C QDs exert potent anti-inflammatory effects through multiple pathways, thus offer great potential for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.","PeriodicalId":29791,"journal":{"name":"Small Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":12.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142188831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marie Elis, Tim Tjardts, Josiah Ngenev Shondo, Ainura Aliyeva, Alexander Vahl, Ulrich Schürmann, Thomas Strunskus, Franz Faupel, Cenk Aktas, Lorenz Kienle, Salih Veziroglu
Mixed metal oxide (MMO) nanoparticles (NPs) are hybrids consisting of two or more nanoscale metal oxides. Advantages of MMO NPs over single metal oxides include improved catalytic activity, enhanced electrical and magnetic properties, and increased thermal stability due to the synergy of the different oxide components. This study presents a novel fabrication route for TiO2-CeO2 NPs enriched with oxygen vacancies using a Haberland-type gas aggregation cluster source. The NPs, deposited from different segmented Ti/Ce targets under varying O2 addition, were examined with respect to final composition, morphology, and Ti, Ce surface oxidation states. Particle formation mechanisms are proposed for the observed morphologies. Additionally, available O2 during deposition and its impact on the formation of defective sites were investigated. Defective sites in TiO2-CeO2 NPs were analyzed using transfer to X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy without contact to ambient oxygen. The incorporation of Ce to the target exhibits synergistic effects on the synthesis process. Segmented Ti/Ce targets enable the deposition of a broad range of mixed oxide NPs with diverse compositions and morphologies at considerably enhanced deposition rates, which is vital for practical applications. The presented fabrication approach is expected to be applicable for a broad variety of MMO NPs.
{"title":"A New Approach to Single-Step Fabrication of TiOx-CeOx Nanoparticles","authors":"Marie Elis, Tim Tjardts, Josiah Ngenev Shondo, Ainura Aliyeva, Alexander Vahl, Ulrich Schürmann, Thomas Strunskus, Franz Faupel, Cenk Aktas, Lorenz Kienle, Salih Veziroglu","doi":"10.1002/smsc.202400305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smsc.202400305","url":null,"abstract":"Mixed metal oxide (MMO) nanoparticles (NPs) are hybrids consisting of two or more nanoscale metal oxides. Advantages of MMO NPs over single metal oxides include improved catalytic activity, enhanced electrical and magnetic properties, and increased thermal stability due to the synergy of the different oxide components. This study presents a novel fabrication route for TiO<sub>2</sub>-CeO<sub>2</sub> NPs enriched with oxygen vacancies using a Haberland-type gas aggregation cluster source. The NPs, deposited from different segmented Ti/Ce targets under varying O<sub>2</sub> addition, were examined with respect to final composition, morphology, and Ti, Ce surface oxidation states. Particle formation mechanisms are proposed for the observed morphologies. Additionally, available O<sub>2</sub> during deposition and its impact on the formation of defective sites were investigated. Defective sites in TiO<sub>2</sub>-CeO<sub>2</sub> NPs were analyzed using transfer to X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy without contact to ambient oxygen. The incorporation of Ce to the target exhibits synergistic effects on the synthesis process. Segmented Ti/Ce targets enable the deposition of a broad range of mixed oxide NPs with diverse compositions and morphologies at considerably enhanced deposition rates, which is vital for practical applications. The presented fabrication approach is expected to be applicable for a broad variety of MMO NPs.","PeriodicalId":29791,"journal":{"name":"Small Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":12.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142188596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Degenerative joint diseases, as a global public health issue, impose significant burdens on patients’ lives and substantial economic costs on society. Currently, the primary modalities include physical therapy, pharmaceutical intervention, and surgical procedures. None of these approaches can alter the course of this degenerative process. Due to their commendable biocompatibility, biodegradability, and heightened efficacy in drug delivery, hydrogels present themselves as a novel noninvasive remedy for degenerative joint ailments. However, the clinical application of hydrogels still faces some challenges, including the uncontrolled discharge of encapsulated medications, the absence of adequate mechanical reinforcement for destabilized joints, and adaptability to fluctuating microenvironments. Recently, nanocomposite hydrogels, formed by introducing nanomaterials into hydrogels by physical or chemical means, can improve the limitations of hydrogels and extend their potential for biological applications in degenerative joint diseases. In this study, the pathologic features of degenerative joint diseases and the multiple applications of different types of nanocomposite hydrogels in targeting these different pathologic features are briefly described. It also concludes with an outlook on the use of nanocomposite hydrogels in clinical settings and discusses their challenges and limitations.
{"title":"Nanocomposite Hydrogels: A Promising Approach for the Treatment of Degenerative Joint Diseases","authors":"Qizhu Chen, Zitian Zheng, Mian Lin, Zhengyu Guo, Hongjie Huang, Qingyun Xue, Shengdan Jiang, Jianquan Wang, Aimin Wu","doi":"10.1002/smsc.202400236","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smsc.202400236","url":null,"abstract":"Degenerative joint diseases, as a global public health issue, impose significant burdens on patients’ lives and substantial economic costs on society. Currently, the primary modalities include physical therapy, pharmaceutical intervention, and surgical procedures. None of these approaches can alter the course of this degenerative process. Due to their commendable biocompatibility, biodegradability, and heightened efficacy in drug delivery, hydrogels present themselves as a novel noninvasive remedy for degenerative joint ailments. However, the clinical application of hydrogels still faces some challenges, including the uncontrolled discharge of encapsulated medications, the absence of adequate mechanical reinforcement for destabilized joints, and adaptability to fluctuating microenvironments. Recently, nanocomposite hydrogels, formed by introducing nanomaterials into hydrogels by physical or chemical means, can improve the limitations of hydrogels and extend their potential for biological applications in degenerative joint diseases. In this study, the pathologic features of degenerative joint diseases and the multiple applications of different types of nanocomposite hydrogels in targeting these different pathologic features are briefly described. It also concludes with an outlook on the use of nanocomposite hydrogels in clinical settings and discusses their challenges and limitations.","PeriodicalId":29791,"journal":{"name":"Small Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":12.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142188830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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