‘Moving grove’: Dionysian rites of passage in Shakespeare's A Midsummer Night's Dream and Macbeth

Sélima Lejri
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Abstract

The major English medieval pagan folk customs, feasts, and rituals that survived in early modern England share the death-resurrection motif of the Greco-Roman agrarian rites and mystery religions associated mainly with the myths of Dionysus. This comparative study between two generically different plays, A Midsummer Night's Dream and Macbeth, purports to bring out, respectively, the degree of violence in a green comedy, and the effect of greenery in a tragedy of blood. It draws on René Girard's anthropological theory of sacrificial violence and scapegoating to examine the rites of passage in both plays through the archetype of the regenerative cycle of nature.
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移动的小树林莎士比亚《仲夏夜之梦》和《麦克白》中的戴奥尼亚仪式
英国中世纪的主要异教民俗、盛宴和仪式在近代早期的英国得以延续,它们与希腊罗马的农业仪式和神秘宗教(主要与狄俄尼索斯神话有关)有着共同的死亡-复活主题。本研究对《仲夏夜之梦》和《麦克白》这两部风格迥异的戏剧进行了比较研究,旨在分别揭示绿色喜剧中的暴力程度和血腥悲剧中的绿色效果。该书借鉴勒内-吉拉德(René Girard)关于牺牲暴力和替罪羊的人类学理论,通过大自然再生循环的原型来审视两部戏剧中的成人仪式。
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