Recent advancements of nanoparticles for antiviral therapy

IF 1.7 Q3 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Advances in Natural Sciences: Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Pub Date : 2024-09-17 DOI:10.1088/2043-6262/ad6b7d
Priyanku Pradip Das, Sounok Sengupta, Deepak Balram, Kuang-Yow Lian, Shavkatjon Azizov, Ujjwal Kumar Neogi, Sadanand Pandey and Deepak Kumar
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Abstract

The global outbreak of infectious diseases in recent decades has caused serious health problems worldwide. Key factors that contribute to the lack of a complete therapeutic strategy against viral infections include biomimetic architecture, ability to manipulate the antibody, continuous antigen transfer, covert system of injecting inappropriate doses of drugs at target sites, resulting in drug resistance. Reasons include low water solubility, poor permeability, plasma protein a high self-similarity, short gene half-life, and rapid system elimination. To combat these challenges, nanoparticle-based drug delivery has emerged as a revolutionary approach, applying nanoengineering tools to nanoparticle synthesis to achieve optimal drug concentrations at targeted sites over time nanoparticles with nano dimensional structure enhanced permeability and retention effects, increasing surface area volume ratios, in surface-functioning capacity, prove effective in antiviral therapeutic delivery but size, shape, charge, and surface topology of nanoparticles allow target specific drug delivery, cellular uptake, opsonization by host immune cells, drug retention time, transcytosis, extended biological half -life, in vivo stability, and significantly affect cytotoxicity. This review provides an in-depth analysis of the critical role of nanotechnology-based drugs while addressing important aspects of clinical safety and efficacy.
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用于抗病毒治疗的纳米粒子的最新进展
近几十年来,传染病在全球范围内爆发,给全世界带来了严重的健康问题。导致缺乏针对病毒感染的完整治疗策略的关键因素包括生物仿生结构、操纵抗体的能力、持续的抗原转移、在靶点注射不适当剂量药物的隐蔽系统,从而导致耐药性。此外,纳米微粒还存在一些缺陷,如水溶性低、渗透性差、血浆蛋白自相似性高、基因半衰期短、系统消除速度快等。为应对这些挑战,基于纳米粒子的给药技术已成为一种革命性的方法,它将纳米工程工具应用于纳米粒子的合成,使药物在目标部位达到最佳浓度,纳米尺寸结构的纳米粒子可增强渗透性和保留效果,增加表面积体积比、但纳米颗粒的尺寸、形状、电荷和表面拓扑结构可实现特定靶点给药、细胞摄取、宿主免疫细胞溶血、药物保留时间、转胞作用、延长生物半衰期、体内稳定性,并显著影响细胞毒性。本综述深入分析了纳米技术药物的关键作用,同时探讨了临床安全性和有效性的重要方面。
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Advances in Natural Sciences: Nanoscience and Nanotechnology
Advances in Natural Sciences: Nanoscience and Nanotechnology NANOSCIENCE & NANOTECHNOLOGYMATERIALS SCIE-MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
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