The global outbreak of infectious diseases in recent decades has caused serious health problems worldwide. Key factors that contribute to the lack of a complete therapeutic strategy against viral infections include biomimetic architecture, ability to manipulate the antibody, continuous antigen transfer, covert system of injecting inappropriate doses of drugs at target sites, resulting in drug resistance. Reasons include low water solubility, poor permeability, plasma protein a high self-similarity, short gene half-life, and rapid system elimination. To combat these challenges, nanoparticle-based drug delivery has emerged as a revolutionary approach, applying nanoengineering tools to nanoparticle synthesis to achieve optimal drug concentrations at targeted sites over time nanoparticles with nano dimensional structure enhanced permeability and retention effects, increasing surface area volume ratios, in surface-functioning capacity, prove effective in antiviral therapeutic delivery but size, shape, charge, and surface topology of nanoparticles allow target specific drug delivery, cellular uptake, opsonization by host immune cells, drug retention time, transcytosis, extended biological half -life, in vivo stability, and significantly affect cytotoxicity. This review provides an in-depth analysis of the critical role of nanotechnology-based drugs while addressing important aspects of clinical safety and efficacy.
{"title":"Recent advancements of nanoparticles for antiviral therapy","authors":"Priyanku Pradip Das, Sounok Sengupta, Deepak Balram, Kuang-Yow Lian, Shavkatjon Azizov, Ujjwal Kumar Neogi, Sadanand Pandey and Deepak Kumar","doi":"10.1088/2043-6262/ad6b7d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2043-6262/ad6b7d","url":null,"abstract":"The global outbreak of infectious diseases in recent decades has caused serious health problems worldwide. Key factors that contribute to the lack of a complete therapeutic strategy against viral infections include biomimetic architecture, ability to manipulate the antibody, continuous antigen transfer, covert system of injecting inappropriate doses of drugs at target sites, resulting in drug resistance. Reasons include low water solubility, poor permeability, plasma protein a high self-similarity, short gene half-life, and rapid system elimination. To combat these challenges, nanoparticle-based drug delivery has emerged as a revolutionary approach, applying nanoengineering tools to nanoparticle synthesis to achieve optimal drug concentrations at targeted sites over time nanoparticles with nano dimensional structure enhanced permeability and retention effects, increasing surface area volume ratios, in surface-functioning capacity, prove effective in antiviral therapeutic delivery but size, shape, charge, and surface topology of nanoparticles allow target specific drug delivery, cellular uptake, opsonization by host immune cells, drug retention time, transcytosis, extended biological half -life, in vivo stability, and significantly affect cytotoxicity. This review provides an in-depth analysis of the critical role of nanotechnology-based drugs while addressing important aspects of clinical safety and efficacy.","PeriodicalId":7359,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Natural Sciences: Nanoscience and Nanotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142269282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-10DOI: 10.1088/2043-6262/ad71a9
Sesha Subramanian Murugan, Pandurang Appana Dalavi, Pramod K Gupta, Won Hur, Ramkumar Pillappan, Jayachandran Venkatesan and Gi Hun Seong
Silver nanoparticles have been extensively studied and used for biological and biomedical applications due to its antimicrobial properties. In this study, we have developed silver nanoparticles with saponin (S-AgNPs) using microwave-mediated methodology and physiochemically characterised and evaluated its anticancer potential. According to UV–visible spectroscopy, S-AgNPs exhibited a maximum absorption peak at a wavelength of 420 nm. DLS analysis revealed that S-AgNPs have an average diameter of around 133.8 ± 10 nm. HR-TEM analysis confirms the spherical morphology of S-AgNPs. Further, the anticancer effect of S-AgNPs was validated using A459 lung cancer cells by in vitro cell interaction tests such as the MTT assay, staining assay, and flow cytometry assay. The IC50 value of S-AgNPs against A549 cells was 30 μg ml−1, and Calcein-EtBr and Annexin V/PI staining results confirm the presence of apoptotic cells after treatment S-AgNPs. Hence, biosynthesized S-AgNPs can play a vital role in developing anticancer drugs for cancer treatment.
{"title":"Saponin-mediated and microwave-assisted biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles: preparations and anticancer assessment","authors":"Sesha Subramanian Murugan, Pandurang Appana Dalavi, Pramod K Gupta, Won Hur, Ramkumar Pillappan, Jayachandran Venkatesan and Gi Hun Seong","doi":"10.1088/2043-6262/ad71a9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2043-6262/ad71a9","url":null,"abstract":"Silver nanoparticles have been extensively studied and used for biological and biomedical applications due to its antimicrobial properties. In this study, we have developed silver nanoparticles with saponin (S-AgNPs) using microwave-mediated methodology and physiochemically characterised and evaluated its anticancer potential. According to UV–visible spectroscopy, S-AgNPs exhibited a maximum absorption peak at a wavelength of 420 nm. DLS analysis revealed that S-AgNPs have an average diameter of around 133.8 ± 10 nm. HR-TEM analysis confirms the spherical morphology of S-AgNPs. Further, the anticancer effect of S-AgNPs was validated using A459 lung cancer cells by in vitro cell interaction tests such as the MTT assay, staining assay, and flow cytometry assay. The IC50 value of S-AgNPs against A549 cells was 30 μg ml−1, and Calcein-EtBr and Annexin V/PI staining results confirm the presence of apoptotic cells after treatment S-AgNPs. Hence, biosynthesized S-AgNPs can play a vital role in developing anticancer drugs for cancer treatment.","PeriodicalId":7359,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Natural Sciences: Nanoscience and Nanotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142210490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-06DOI: 10.1088/2043-6262/ad6e5c
Roya Khodaei, Mehrdad Bayandori, Leila Mohammad Gholinia Sarpoli, Masoumeh Souri, Iraj Hasanzade, Ronak Khodaee, Sara Saeedi, Jafar Kiani, Mahdi Karimi
Purpose. Gene therapy is a strategy to provide therapeutic advantages by modifying genes, and CRISPR/Cas9 is the simplest and the most efficient gene editing technology. Appropriate smart nanocarriers are a promising way to deliver these gene editing tools into cells efficiently. Methods. In this study, three novel smart nanocarriers were prepared for CRISPR/Cas9 delivery into PC12 cells. We designed a smart polyplex using synthetic redox-responsive polyethyleneimine (rPEI) made by crosslinked PEI ∼ 2 KD and pCRISPR using electrostatic interactions. Then, to avoid unwanted interactions with blood ingredients three natural polysaccharides with negative charge, hyaluronic acid (HA), chondroitin sulfate (CS), and alginate(ALG) have been used separately as outer shells. Additionally, nanocarriers were characterized in terms of zeta potential, size distribution, and loading efficiency. Finally, the cytotoxicity of nanocarriers and GFP gene expression were evaluated. Results. The average size of the nanocarriers with outer coats of HA, ALG, and CS was around 47, 66.5, and 309 nm, respectively. Furthermore, these three nanocarriers indicated a high loading efficiency, high capacity for cellular uptake (>90%), and no significant toxicity. The pCRISPR expression amount was estimated up to 21%. Conclusion. These redox-responsive polymeric nanocarriers suggest novel and efficient carriers for CRISPR/Cas9 delivery.
{"title":"Synthesis, characterization, and cellular investigation of three smart polymeric nanoparticles as efficient plasmid CRISPR (pCRISPR) delivery vehicles","authors":"Roya Khodaei, Mehrdad Bayandori, Leila Mohammad Gholinia Sarpoli, Masoumeh Souri, Iraj Hasanzade, Ronak Khodaee, Sara Saeedi, Jafar Kiani, Mahdi Karimi","doi":"10.1088/2043-6262/ad6e5c","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2043-6262/ad6e5c","url":null,"abstract":"<italic toggle=\"yes\">Purpose</italic>. Gene therapy is a strategy to provide therapeutic advantages by modifying genes, and CRISPR/Cas9 is the simplest and the most efficient gene editing technology. Appropriate smart nanocarriers are a promising way to deliver these gene editing tools into cells efficiently. <italic toggle=\"yes\">Methods</italic>. In this study, three novel smart nanocarriers were prepared for CRISPR/Cas9 delivery into PC12 cells. We designed a smart polyplex using synthetic redox-responsive polyethyleneimine (rPEI) made by crosslinked PEI ∼ 2 KD and pCRISPR using electrostatic interactions. Then, to avoid unwanted interactions with blood ingredients three natural polysaccharides with negative charge, hyaluronic acid (HA), chondroitin sulfate (CS), and alginate(ALG) have been used separately as outer shells. Additionally, nanocarriers were characterized in terms of zeta potential, size distribution, and loading efficiency. Finally, the cytotoxicity of nanocarriers and GFP gene expression were evaluated. <italic toggle=\"yes\">Results</italic>. The average size of the nanocarriers with outer coats of HA, ALG, and CS was around 47, 66.5, and 309 nm, respectively. Furthermore, these three nanocarriers indicated a high loading efficiency, high capacity for cellular uptake (>90%), and no significant toxicity. The pCRISPR expression amount was estimated up to 21%. <italic toggle=\"yes\">Conclusion</italic>. These redox-responsive polymeric nanocarriers suggest novel and efficient carriers for CRISPR/Cas9 delivery.","PeriodicalId":7359,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Natural Sciences: Nanoscience and Nanotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142210488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-02DOI: 10.1088/2043-6262/ad71a4
Le Hong Quan, Ung Thi Dieu Thuy, Nguyen Van Chi, Nguyen Van Hoa
This study presented a chitosan-derived activated carbon aerogel material (ACAM), which was prepared via a sol–gel method, freeze-drying, and carbonization. The prepared nitrogen-doped carbon materials had nanopore structures with a highly specific surface area of 2341 m2 g−1 that was expected to be suitable as active electrode materials for supercapacitors). The prepared electrode exhibited a high capacitance of 215 F g−1 at 1.0 A g−1. Moreover, the electrode could retain almost 93% of the original capacitance, and the Coulombic efficiency remains over 97% after 5,000 cycles. The findings suggest a low-price and high-performance material for supercapacitors.
本研究介绍了一种壳聚糖衍生的活性炭气凝胶材料（ACAM），该材料通过溶胶-凝胶法、冷冻干燥和碳化制备而成。制备的掺氮碳材料具有纳米孔结构，比表面积高达 2341 m2 g-1，有望成为超级电容器的活性电极材料。）制备的电极在 1.0 A g-1 的条件下具有 215 F g-1 的高电容。此外，该电极可保持近 93% 的原始电容，库仑效率在 5,000 次循环后仍保持在 97% 以上。这些发现为超级电容器提供了一种低成本、高性能的材料。
{"title":"Chitosan derived N-doped carbon aerogel nanostructures for high-performance supercapacitors","authors":"Le Hong Quan, Ung Thi Dieu Thuy, Nguyen Van Chi, Nguyen Van Hoa","doi":"10.1088/2043-6262/ad71a4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2043-6262/ad71a4","url":null,"abstract":"This study presented a chitosan-derived activated carbon aerogel material (ACAM), which was prepared via a sol–gel method, freeze-drying, and carbonization. The prepared nitrogen-doped carbon materials had nanopore structures with a highly specific surface area of 2341 m<sup>2</sup> g<sup>−1</sup> that was expected to be suitable as active electrode materials for supercapacitors). The prepared electrode exhibited a high capacitance of 215 F g<sup>−1</sup> at 1.0 A g<sup>−1</sup>. Moreover, the electrode could retain almost 93% of the original capacitance, and the Coulombic efficiency remains over 97% after 5,000 cycles. The findings suggest a low-price and high-performance material for supercapacitors.","PeriodicalId":7359,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Natural Sciences: Nanoscience and Nanotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142210489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-30DOI: 10.1088/2043-6262/ad71aa
Hamze Mousavi, Samira Jalilvand, Delnia Dahesh
The band structure, density of states (DOS), and Pauli magnetic susceptibility (PMS) of T-graphene nanotubes (TGNTs) with varying chiralities and diameters are investigated using the tight-binding Hamiltonian model and Green's function formalism. We analyze two edge types: zigzag (zTGNT) and armchair (aTGNT). Our findings reveal that both zTGNTs and aTGNTs exhibit metallic behavior regardless of diameter. Notably, aTGNTs feature Dirac points in their band structure, with their abundance increasing with nanotube diameter. As compared to graphene, when the diameter of the nanotube increases, aTGNTs reveal more Dirac points at the Fermi level. Additionally, increasing the diameter leads to the emergence of additional sub-bands in the band structure and van-Hove singularities in the DOS diagrams. Consequently, the PMS curves exhibit a crossover, dividing into distinct regimes at varying temperatures. The metallic properties of both TGNT types are apparent in the PMS curves, attributed to the proportional relationship between PMS and DOS. Furthermore, the DOS curves converge towards monolayer behavior as the TGNT diameter increases significantly.
{"title":"Metallic nature of T-graphene sheet and nanotubes","authors":"Hamze Mousavi, Samira Jalilvand, Delnia Dahesh","doi":"10.1088/2043-6262/ad71aa","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2043-6262/ad71aa","url":null,"abstract":"The band structure, density of states (DOS), and Pauli magnetic susceptibility (PMS) of T-graphene nanotubes (TGNTs) with varying chiralities and diameters are investigated using the tight-binding Hamiltonian model and Green's function formalism. We analyze two edge types: zigzag (zTGNT) and armchair (aTGNT). Our findings reveal that both zTGNTs and aTGNTs exhibit metallic behavior regardless of diameter. Notably, aTGNTs feature Dirac points in their band structure, with their abundance increasing with nanotube diameter. As compared to graphene, when the diameter of the nanotube increases, aTGNTs reveal more Dirac points at the Fermi level. Additionally, increasing the diameter leads to the emergence of additional sub-bands in the band structure and van-Hove singularities in the DOS diagrams. Consequently, the PMS curves exhibit a crossover, dividing into distinct regimes at varying temperatures. The metallic properties of both TGNT types are apparent in the PMS curves, attributed to the proportional relationship between PMS and DOS. Furthermore, the DOS curves converge towards monolayer behavior as the TGNT diameter increases significantly.","PeriodicalId":7359,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Natural Sciences: Nanoscience and Nanotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142210508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-30DOI: 10.1088/2043-6262/ad71a5
Seyed Ali Lajevardian, Abbas Alibakhshi, Simzar Hosseinzadeh, Fatemeh Mobaraki, Monireh Movahedi, Shadie Hatamie, Maryam Tabarzad, Javad Ranjbari
Capsaicin is a bioactive phytochemical of red and chili peppers. It has shown therapeutic properties, including anticancer activities. In this study, the potential anti-telomerase effect of capsaicin, as well as synergic inhibitory effect of this compound in combination with cobalt ferrite-graphene oxide nanocomposites was investigated on breast cancer cell line. For this purpose, cobalt ferrite/graphene oxide (CoFe2O4/GO) nanoparticles were synthesized and characterized. Then, the effect of different concentrations of capsaicin and CoFe2O4/GO nanoparticles, and their combination on the breast adenocarcinoma cell lines (MCF-7 and MCF-10A) were analyzed using MTT assay and quantitative real-time PCR for assessing their effect on the cell viability and the expression changes in telomerase reverse transcriptase (tert), Bax and Bcl2 genes, respectively. The results showed a synergistic effect of capsaicin and CoFe2O4/GO NPs on MCF-7 cell lines that reduced the IC50 value from 0.1 and 1 mg/ml for capsaicin and CoFe2O4/GO nanoparticles, to 0.05 and 0.5 mg ml−1, respectively. Moreover, telomerase and bcl2 genes expression decreased after capsaicin and CoFe2O4/GO NPs treatment; while in contrast, bax gene expression significantly increased. Consequently, capsaicin and CoFe2O4/GO NPs treatment could induce apoptosis and inhibit the growth of breast cancer cells. In conclusion, combinational treatment with capsaicin and CoFe2O4/GO NPs could be considered as an efficient therapeutic regimen for breast cancer.
{"title":"Synergistic effect of cobalt ferrite-graphene oxide based hyperthermia and capsaicin to induce apoptosis and inhibit telomerase activity in breast cancer cells","authors":"Seyed Ali Lajevardian, Abbas Alibakhshi, Simzar Hosseinzadeh, Fatemeh Mobaraki, Monireh Movahedi, Shadie Hatamie, Maryam Tabarzad, Javad Ranjbari","doi":"10.1088/2043-6262/ad71a5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2043-6262/ad71a5","url":null,"abstract":"Capsaicin is a bioactive phytochemical of red and chili peppers. It has shown therapeutic properties, including anticancer activities. In this study, the potential anti-telomerase effect of capsaicin, as well as synergic inhibitory effect of this compound in combination with cobalt ferrite-graphene oxide nanocomposites was investigated on breast cancer cell line. For this purpose, cobalt ferrite/graphene oxide (CoFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/GO) nanoparticles were synthesized and characterized. Then, the effect of different concentrations of capsaicin and CoFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/GO nanoparticles, and their combination on the breast adenocarcinoma cell lines (MCF-7 and MCF-10A) were analyzed using MTT assay and quantitative real-time PCR for assessing their effect on the cell viability and the expression changes in telomerase reverse transcriptase (<italic toggle=\"yes\">tert</italic>), Bax and Bcl2 genes, respectively. The results showed a synergistic effect of capsaicin and CoFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/GO NPs on MCF-7 cell lines that reduced the IC50 value from 0.1 and 1 mg/ml for capsaicin and CoFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/GO nanoparticles, to 0.05 and 0.5 mg ml<sup>−1</sup>, respectively. Moreover, <italic toggle=\"yes\">telomerase</italic> and <italic toggle=\"yes\">bcl</italic>2 genes expression decreased after capsaicin and CoFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/GO NPs treatment; while in contrast, <italic toggle=\"yes\">bax</italic> gene expression significantly increased. Consequently, capsaicin and CoFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/GO NPs treatment could induce apoptosis and inhibit the growth of breast cancer cells. In conclusion, combinational treatment with capsaicin and CoFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/GO NPs could be considered as an efficient therapeutic regimen for breast cancer.","PeriodicalId":7359,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Natural Sciences: Nanoscience and Nanotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142210491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-29DOI: 10.1088/2043-6262/ad71a6
Sarah Osamah, Makram A Fakhri, Ali Abdulkhaleq Alwahib, Evan T Salim, Raed Khalid Ibrahim, Al-B F A Mohammed, Subash C B Gopinath, Motahher A Qaeed, Hanan I Ibrahim, Akram Sh Ahmed, Hussein A Shakir, Ban K Hadi
Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) is an electromagnetic phenomenon that occurs during the interaction between metals and dielectric materials. Fiber sensors show much attention in the last few decades because of their extremely sensitive performance. A novel design of a Dual symmetrical grating D-shaped fiber (Dual SGD-SF) based plasmonic sensor was theoretically studied. The effects of grating depth and gold and silver thickness were investigated. For the Dual SGD-SF sensor design at analyte RI = 1.5 and grating depth = 0.3 μm, the resonance wavelength at the maximum loss was 2.4 μm. The maximum wavelength sensitivity, resolution, and FOM for Dual SGD-SF were obtained at 2000 nm/RIU, 0.00005 RIU, and 22.22 RIU−1, respectively. This design was proposed for sensing very low concentrations of analyte and helps to discover the variations of refractive indices compared to high-purity liquids. To the best of our knowledge, using a symmetrical grating design as a refractive index sensor has not previously been reported.
表面等离子体共振（SPR）是金属与介电材料相互作用时产生的一种电磁现象。过去几十年来，光纤传感器因其极其灵敏的性能而备受关注。我们从理论上研究了一种基于双对称光栅 D 形光纤（Dual SGD-SF）的新型等离子体传感器设计。研究了光栅深度和金银厚度的影响。对于分析物 RI = 1.5 和光栅深度 = 0.3 μm 的双 SGD-SF 传感器设计，最大损耗时的共振波长为 2.4 μm。双 SGD-SF 的最大波长灵敏度、分辨率和 FOM 分别为 2000 nm/RIU、0.00005 RIU 和 22.22 RIU-1。这种设计是为传感极低浓度的分析物而提出的，有助于发现与高纯度液体相比折射率的变化。据我们所知，使用对称光栅设计作为折射率传感器以前还没有报道过。
{"title":"A novel design of symmetrical grating built on D-shaped optical fiber sensor-based surface plasmon resonance","authors":"Sarah Osamah, Makram A Fakhri, Ali Abdulkhaleq Alwahib, Evan T Salim, Raed Khalid Ibrahim, Al-B F A Mohammed, Subash C B Gopinath, Motahher A Qaeed, Hanan I Ibrahim, Akram Sh Ahmed, Hussein A Shakir, Ban K Hadi","doi":"10.1088/2043-6262/ad71a6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2043-6262/ad71a6","url":null,"abstract":"Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) is an electromagnetic phenomenon that occurs during the interaction between metals and dielectric materials. Fiber sensors show much attention in the last few decades because of their extremely sensitive performance. A novel design of a Dual symmetrical grating D-shaped fiber (Dual SGD-SF) based plasmonic sensor was theoretically studied. The effects of grating depth and gold and silver thickness were investigated. For the Dual SGD-SF sensor design at analyte RI = 1.5 and grating depth = 0.3 μm, the resonance wavelength at the maximum loss was 2.4 μm. The maximum wavelength sensitivity, resolution, and FOM for Dual SGD-SF were obtained at 2000 nm/RIU, 0.00005 RIU, and 22.22 RIU<sup>−1</sup>, respectively. This design was proposed for sensing very low concentrations of analyte and helps to discover the variations of refractive indices compared to high-purity liquids. To the best of our knowledge, using a symmetrical grating design as a refractive index sensor has not previously been reported.","PeriodicalId":7359,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Natural Sciences: Nanoscience and Nanotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142210509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-28DOI: 10.1088/2043-6262/ad6e5d
Hoang Ngoc Cuong, Nguyen Thi Kim Cuc, Le Thi Tinh, Nguyen Van Hoa
Antifungal nano-biomaterials are gaining interest as an effective strategy for controlling fungal pathogens because of their nontoxicity, biodegradability, biocompatibility, and high activity. The study aimed to present an antifungal agent, squid chitosan nanoparticles (SCNs), against the Fusarium pseudensiforme pathogen in durian trees. Besides, the in vitro antifungal activity of SCNs was compared to other agents, including neem oil and squid pen chitosan. All biomaterials showed a decrease in mycelial growth as their treated concentrations increased. However, at the same concentration of 250 ppm after 8 days of incubation at 28 °C, SCNs exhibited the highest in totally inhibiting the growth of Fusarium pseudensiforme, while the lesion diameters were 2.5 cm (neem oil) and 2.1 cm (chitosan). Besides, the lowest dried biomass was obtained after 8 days of incubation in broth culture at 250 ppm of the SCNs. The findings suggested that SCNs could be used as an effective alternative nano-biomaterial for controlling the Fusarium pseudensiforme pathogen in durian trees.
{"title":"Antifungal activities of chitosan nanoparticles against Fusarium pseudensiforme on durian trees","authors":"Hoang Ngoc Cuong, Nguyen Thi Kim Cuc, Le Thi Tinh, Nguyen Van Hoa","doi":"10.1088/2043-6262/ad6e5d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2043-6262/ad6e5d","url":null,"abstract":"Antifungal nano-biomaterials are gaining interest as an effective strategy for controlling fungal pathogens because of their nontoxicity, biodegradability, biocompatibility, and high activity. The study aimed to present an antifungal agent, squid chitosan nanoparticles (SCNs), against the <italic toggle=\"yes\">Fusarium pseudensiforme</italic> pathogen in durian trees. Besides, the <italic toggle=\"yes\">in vitro</italic> antifungal activity of SCNs was compared to other agents, including neem oil and squid pen chitosan. All biomaterials showed a decrease in mycelial growth as their treated concentrations increased. However, at the same concentration of 250 ppm after 8 days of incubation at 28 °C, SCNs exhibited the highest in totally inhibiting the growth of <italic toggle=\"yes\">Fusarium pseudensiforme,</italic> while the lesion diameters were 2.5 cm (neem oil) and 2.1 cm (chitosan). Besides, the lowest dried biomass was obtained after 8 days of incubation in broth culture at 250 ppm of the SCNs. The findings suggested that SCNs could be used as an effective alternative nano-biomaterial for controlling the <italic toggle=\"yes\">Fusarium pseudensiforme</italic> pathogen in durian trees.","PeriodicalId":7359,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Natural Sciences: Nanoscience and Nanotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142210512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-28DOI: 10.1088/2043-6262/ad6cc1
Ivan Padron-Ramirez, Frank J Chao Mujica, Ángeles Díaz Sánchez, Carlos R Arganis Juárez, Pamela F Nelson, Jose P Peña Caravaca, Josue Ponce de León Cabrera, Angel Luis Corcho-Valdés, Manuel Antuch, Luis F Desdin-Garcia
GO and rGO are carbon nanostructures with a wide range of applications. The carbon/oxygen ratio (C/O) is a basic parameter that determines many of its essential properties. The large-scale production of these materials requires the use of fast and representative methods to determine the C/O ratio. In the present work, the feasibility of using fast electron backscattering to determine this relationship was explored. The method is rapid and does not require previous sample treatment, its accuracy is approximately 11%–15% for C/O ∼ 10–35 and its precision is around 0.4%. It was estimated that the backscattered electrons being detected came from a sample mass of 0.04–0.4 g, depending on the synthesis method used. The accuracy of the backscatter method is approximately equal to that of EDX and XPS, but it surpasses them in precision and representativeness. Backscattering equipments are more economical when compared to the above-mentioned techniques; however, it can be affected by the presence of impurities. Therefore, we consider it an appropriate method for the large-scale control of samples of GO and rGO produced by a given technology and calibrated with a rigorous elemental analysis.
GO 和 rGO 是一种应用广泛的碳纳米结构。碳氧比（C/O）是决定其许多基本特性的基本参数。这些材料的大规模生产需要使用快速、有代表性的方法来确定碳氧比。在本研究中，我们探讨了使用快速电子反向散射法测定这一关系的可行性。该方法快速且无需事先处理样品，在 C/O ∼ 10-35 的情况下，准确度约为 11%-15%，精度约为 0.4%。据估计，检测到的反向散射电子来自质量为 0.04-0.4 克的样品，具体取决于所使用的合成方法。背向散射法的精确度与 EDX 和 XPS 大致相当，但在精确度和代表性方面却超过了它们。与上述技术相比，背散射设备更为经济，但它会受到杂质的影响。因此，我们认为背散射是大规模控制特定技术生产的 GO 和 rGO 样品并通过严格的元素分析进行校准的合适方法。
{"title":"Exploring the use of fast electron backscattering for the determination of the C/O ratios: possible applications to graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide","authors":"Ivan Padron-Ramirez, Frank J Chao Mujica, Ángeles Díaz Sánchez, Carlos R Arganis Juárez, Pamela F Nelson, Jose P Peña Caravaca, Josue Ponce de León Cabrera, Angel Luis Corcho-Valdés, Manuel Antuch, Luis F Desdin-Garcia","doi":"10.1088/2043-6262/ad6cc1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2043-6262/ad6cc1","url":null,"abstract":"GO and rGO are carbon nanostructures with a wide range of applications. The carbon/oxygen ratio (C/O) is a basic parameter that determines many of its essential properties. The large-scale production of these materials requires the use of fast and representative methods to determine the C/O ratio. In the present work, the feasibility of using fast electron backscattering to determine this relationship was explored. The method is rapid and does not require previous sample treatment, its accuracy is approximately 11%–15% for C/O ∼ 10–35 and its precision is around 0.4%. It was estimated that the backscattered electrons being detected came from a sample mass of 0.04–0.4 g, depending on the synthesis method used. The accuracy of the backscatter method is approximately equal to that of EDX and XPS, but it surpasses them in precision and representativeness. Backscattering equipments are more economical when compared to the above-mentioned techniques; however, it can be affected by the presence of impurities. Therefore, we consider it an appropriate method for the large-scale control of samples of GO and rGO produced by a given technology and calibrated with a rigorous elemental analysis.","PeriodicalId":7359,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Natural Sciences: Nanoscience and Nanotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142210510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-28DOI: 10.1088/2043-6262/ad71a7
Vusala Nabi Jafarova, Sevda Sabir Rzayeva, Ionut Cristian Scurtu, Costel Stanca, Nicoleta Acomi, Gabriel Raicu
Ferromagnetism in single-walled (6,0) GaN(SiC):Ag nanotubes were studied based on ab initio simulations within a pseudopotential method. For the GaN:Ag single-walled nanosystems, the width of the band gap reduces with the increase of dopant concentration. While Ag-doped SiC nanotubes, the band gap of majority-spin states decrease and these systems show metallic character. The first-principles results of total energies for SiC(GaN):Ag nanotubes predicted the stability of the ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic phase, respectively. The obtained values of total magnetic moments of Ag-GaN and Ag-SiC systems are ∼2.0 and ∼3.2 μB, respectively. The analysis of the results of density of states show the significant contribution to the magnetization of both defected GaN:Ag and SiC:Ag systems come from three nitrogen and carbon atoms which are bonded with the dopant. First-principles investigation, suggest that the SiC(GaN):Ag nanotubes can be made into magnetic materials, and these are promising candidates for electronic, optoelectronic, and spintronic devices.
{"title":"Prediction of ferromagnetism in GaN:Ag and SiC:Ag nanotubes","authors":"Vusala Nabi Jafarova, Sevda Sabir Rzayeva, Ionut Cristian Scurtu, Costel Stanca, Nicoleta Acomi, Gabriel Raicu","doi":"10.1088/2043-6262/ad71a7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2043-6262/ad71a7","url":null,"abstract":"Ferromagnetism in single-walled (6,0) GaN(SiC):Ag nanotubes were studied based on <italic toggle=\"yes\">ab initio</italic> simulations within a pseudopotential method. For the GaN:Ag single-walled nanosystems, the width of the band gap reduces with the increase of dopant concentration. While Ag-doped SiC nanotubes, the band gap of majority-spin states decrease and these systems show metallic character. The first-principles results of total energies for SiC(GaN):Ag nanotubes predicted the stability of the ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic phase, respectively. The obtained values of total magnetic moments of Ag-GaN and Ag-SiC systems are ∼2.0 and ∼3.2 μ<sub>B</sub>, respectively. The analysis of the results of density of states show the significant contribution to the magnetization of both defected GaN:Ag and SiC:Ag systems come from three nitrogen and carbon atoms which are bonded with the dopant. First-principles investigation, suggest that the SiC(GaN):Ag nanotubes can be made into magnetic materials, and these are promising candidates for electronic, optoelectronic, and spintronic devices.","PeriodicalId":7359,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Natural Sciences: Nanoscience and Nanotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142210511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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